Suchergebnisse

This dissertation examines how Black residents in San Francisco navigate the politics of race, space and power during a time of massive change in the city. Based on field research conducted over a two-year period, this study provides an ethnographic account of the concerns that both middle-to-upper and low-income Black residents share about redevelopment and gentrification in the Fillmore and Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhoods of San Francisco. This dissertation illuminates a mismatch of ideas and values regarding the renewal of historically Black neighborhoods. The meaning of the word "Black" in San Francisco was intimately tied to the concept of "urban renewal," and the concept was integral to the context and the subtext of many conversations concerning current redevelopment projects in the neighborhood. The words "Black" and "urban renewal" are connected to a shared history of dispossession, instability and the persistence of a racial hierarchy in San Francisco. My analysis finds that Black residents frame their experience living in the city as similar to living in a "chess game" played within a larger "battle" for power. Conversations about redevelopment and gentrification most often operate within a context that makes clear the politics of who is "in" and who is "out." Middle-to-upper class Blacks who have "made it" are in, but as this study seeks to explore, what about low-income Blacks? Where do they fit? Today's economy, built so much more heavily than in the past upon reliance on secondary education and specialized knowledge, tends to transform and redevelop the city's oldest neighborhoods in ways that often leave out poor, uneducated Blacks who lack the means to flee the city and , as a result, are the most vulnerable to institutional control. This study questions the stability and presence of a Black community in San Francisco, which has declined in population since the 1970s. This study of Black San Francisco contributes to sociological knowledge by exploring the different values, meanings and perspectives found among Black residents living in the city, as well as those who compete with them to renew their spaces.

AbstractWe examine WEB Du Bois's writings about the arts in the NAACP journal The Crisis from 1910–1934 in order to construct a Du Boisian social theory of the arts. The key elements of this theoretical framework are: artists, money, freedom, organization, truth, beauty, and propaganda. The most surprising element is propaganda, which for Du Bois meant that art needs to address racial politics. There is a strong sense in Du Bois's writings that art can and should have socially transformative effects. Comparing Du Bois's work to current theories from the sociology of art, we find that Du Bois emphasizes the role of art in social change, while current work treats art primarily as a tool for social reproduction. We argue for expanding the theoretical toolbox of the sociology of the arts through greater consideration of Du Bois's propaganda concept.

Introduction : Are we "post racial" yet? -- How blacks became the problem : American racism and the fight for equality -- Crafting the racial frame : blackness and the myth of the monolith / with Candace S. King and Emmanuel Adero -- Whose life matters? Value and disdain in American society -- Staying inside the red line : housing segregation and the rise of the ghetto -- Who gets to work? : understanding the black labor market experience -- Is justice blind? : race and the rise of mass incarceration / with Louis Couloute -- Reifying the problem : racism and the persistence of the color line in American politics / with Emanuel Adero -- Epilogue -- Glossary.

Background and Study Aims/Objective Brain lesions in deep-seated locations can present a surgical challenge. Tissue remains the gold standard for diagnosing these lesions to guide potential adjuvant therapy. These lesions have been traditionally approached by stereotactic needle biopsy, open biopsies through craniotomies, and excisional biopsies. We provide a safe alternative method using tubular retractors under exoscopic visualization for biopsies of deep-seated brain lesions.
Material and Methods All patients who underwent a biopsy with the use of a tubular retractor under exoscopic visualization of a deep-seated lesion from January 2013 to September 2016 were identified prospectively and followed. This was done for patients with lesions where extensive resection was not deemed possible because of eloquent location and/or lack of impact on the natural history of the disease.
Results A total of 11 patients, with an average age (plus or minus standard deviation) of 48.7 ± 18.3 years, underwent biopsies with tubular retractors and exoscopic visualization. The locations included thalamus (n = 3), optic pathway (n = 2), deep cerebellar nuclei (n = 1), centrum semiovale/corpus callosum (n = 4), and multifocal (n = 2). Diagnosis was obtained in all patients: glioblastoma multiforme (n = 3), anaplastic astrocytoma (n = 3), demyelinating disease (n = 2), renal cell cancer (n = 1), and lymphoma (n = 2). In all cases with tumors, the molecular analyses were conducted successfully. On postoperative computed tomography, no patients had notable hematomas and no patients had new deficits.
Conclusion Diagnosing brain lesions is critical for guiding potential adjuvant therapies. When surgical resection is not possible or required, we report the efficacy of a tubular retractor system with exoscopic visualization for the safe access of deep-seated lesions to provide adequate tissue for diagnosis and molecular evaluation.

Training is a key component of building capacity for public health surveillance and response, but has often been difficult to quantify. During fiscal 2009, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (AFHSC-GEIS) supported 18 partner organizations in conducting 123 training initiatives in 40 countries for 3,130 U.S. military, civilian and host-country personnel. The training assisted with supporting compliance with International Health Regulations, IHR (2005). Training activities in pandemic preparedness, outbreak investigation and response, emerging infectious disease (EID) surveillance and pathogen diagnostic techniques were expanded significantly. By engaging local health and other government officials and civilian institutions, the U.S. military's role as a key stakeholder in global public health has been strengthened and has contributed to EID-related surveillance, research and capacity-building initiatives specified elsewhere in this issue. Public health and emerging infections surveillance training accomplished by AFHSC-GEIS and its Department of Defense (DoD) partners during fiscal 2009 will be tabulated and described. ; Training is a key component of building capacity for public health surveillance and response, but has often been difficult to quantify. During fiscal 2009, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (AFHSC-GEIS) supported 18 partner organizations in conducting 123 training initiatives in 40 countries for 3,130 U.S. military, civilian and host-country personnel. The training assisted with supporting compliance with International Health Regulations, IHR (2005). Training activities in pandemic preparedness, outbreak investigation and response, emerging infectious disease (EID) surveillance and pathogen diagnostic techniques were expanded significantly. By engaging local health and other government officials and civilian institutions, the U.S. military's role as a key stakeholder in global public health has been strengthened and has contributed to EID-related surveillance, research and capacity-building initiatives specified elsewhere in this issue. Public health and emerging infections surveillance training accomplished by AFHSC-GEIS and its Department of Defense (DoD) partners during fiscal 2009 will be tabulated and described.

Training is a key component of building capacity for public health surveillance and response, but has often been difficult to quantify. During fiscal 2009, the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System (AFHSC-GEIS) supported 18 partner organizations in conducting 123 training initiatives in 40 countries for 3,130 U.S. military, civilian and host-country personnel. The training assisted with supporting compliance with International Health Regulations, IHR (2005). Training activities in pandemic preparedness, outbreak investigation and response, emerging infectious disease (EID) surveillance and pathogen diagnostic techniques were expanded significantly. By engaging local health and other government officials and civilian institutions, the U.S. military's role as a key stakeholder in global public health has been strengthened and has contributed to EID-related surveillance, research and capacity-building initiatives specified elsewhere in this issue. Public health and emerging infections surveillance training accomplished by AFHSC-GEIS and its Department of Defense (DoD) partners during fiscal 2009 will be tabulated and described.