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"This book describes how Predators, Reapers, Scan Eagles, and dozens of other pilotless aircraft have been used to fight the Global War on Terrorism. Technology developed in the latter decades of the 20th century enabled crews stationed thousands of miles away to attack targets on remote battlefields. Such long-range and remote-controlled weapons have been extensively used but are controversial from both legal and ethical standpoints. Chapters written by international law specialists and drone pilots with advanced education in ethics address these issues from both sides of the argument. The book also details how robotic systems are being used on land, in and below the seas, and in civilian applications such as driverless cars"--

The use of cluster robust standard errors (CRSE) is common as data are often collected from units, such as cities, states or countries, with multiple observations per unit. There is considerable discussion of how best to estimate standard errors and confidence intervals when using CRSE (Harden 2011; Imbens and Kolesár 2016; MacKinnon and Webb 2017; Esarey and Menger 2019). Extensive simulations in this literature and here show that CRSE seriously underestimate coefficient standard errors and their associated confidence intervals, particularly with a small number of clusters and when there is little within cluster variation in the explanatory variables. These same simulations show that a method developed here provides more reliable estimates of coefficient standard errors. They underestimate confidence intervals for tests of individual and sets of coefficients in extreme conditions, but by far less than do CRSE. Simulations also show that this method produces more accurate standard error and confidence interval estimates than bootstrapping, which is often recommended as an alternative to CRSE.

Many people are unaware that the Chief of Naval Operations Professional Reading Program (CNO-PRP) is the only professional reading initia- tive in any of the military services that goes beyond merely publishing a list of important books. The CNO, Adm. Jonathan Greenert, USN, shares President Jefferson's feelings about the importance of books, and he has allocated Navy funds to purchase centrally and distribute widely nearly twenty-two thousand books to ships, squadrons, and stations around the world.

History never looks like history when you are living through it." This notion of American educator John W. Gardner's certainly applies to the men and women who are serving in the armed services during these difficult times. The history of the first decade of the twenty-first century is being written daily at sea and ashore, at home and in foreign lands. The facts and feats of today's American sailors will someday be recounted in poetry and prose and will be added to the incredible legacy of over two centuries of naval and military heritage.

This is the land of the free in more ways than one! One dictionary definition of the word "free" is "enjoying personal rights or liberty." America is known as the land of the free, and the nation's military forces remain vigilant to maintain this freedom. But another meaning of "free" is "at no charge or no cost." A basic tenet of the CNO's Navy Professional Reading Pro- gram (NPRP) is that books should be made available for free to sailors through- out the fleet. Over 1,200 lending libraries of NPRP books have been established on board ships, in squadrons, and at naval facilities around the globe. Books can be checked out at no cost from each of these libraries. But there is another way sailors can borrow books on the NPRP list: thirty-three of the sixty titles are available at the Navy General Library section of the Navy Knowledge Online (NKO) website, www.nko.navy.mil.

The Davis-Hinich multidimensional model of electoral competition is the foundation for a very broad set of models in economics, political science, public choice and political economy. This essay reviews some of these models and how they build on and extend the original Davis-Hinich model. It also presents a new extension that makes individual preferences endogenous to the electoral process. The essay concludes with a discussion of the positive and normative implications of endogenous preferences and then returns to the basic theme of the central importance of the early Davis-Hinich papers. Adapted from the source document.