The recent Omnibus Law provides significant changing in the company legal order since the issuance of Government Regulation No. 8 of 2021. Under this GR, the sole proprietorship became a limited liability company. However, the liability construction of this newly born has not been regulated clearly and firmly and creates legal uncertainty. The purpose of this article is, first, to determine the appropriate liabilities of SPLLC (Sole Proprietorship as Limited Liability Company) and its founder, and second, to review and develop the legal mechanism for government to provide legal certainty. The study uses the normative juridical method with descriptive-analytical specifications. The study found that the absence of regulation on liability creates ambiguity and legal uncertainty on the appropriate liability for the new form of company. Finally, the study concludes that the appropriate liability of SPLLC and its founders should be determined firmly. Furthermore, three models of liability construction of the business owner are offered, including SPLLC with unlimited liability, SPLLC with limited liability, and SPLLC with certain liability.
The purpose of this research is to examine the adequacy of laws and regulations governing investment implementation by the Savings and Credit Cooperative (KSP) and formulate legal constructs related to the determination of investment interest rates by KSP through the regulations of the Indonesian Deposit Insurance Corporation (IDIC/LPS) concerning the Determination of the Deposit Insurance Interest Rate in the form of IDIC Regulation (Surat Edaran). The research method uses a normative juridical approach, descriptive-analytical research specifications, the systematic interpretation and the legal construction of analogy. The results showed that the statutory regulations governing investments made by KSP were insufficient, especially in the section relating to the determination of investment interest rates. There were still many KSPs that set high interest in their investment programs. Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation and Government Regulation Number 7 of 2021 concerning Ease, Protection, and Empowerment of Cooperatives and Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises also does not accommodate provisions regarding investment programs that KSP can carry out. It is feared that several new provisions in the two regulations will lead to high-interest investment practices by KSP that prioritize the interests of their institutions over the welfare of members. Through the analysis of legal construction, it was found that the IDIC Regulation (Surat Edaran) regarding the Determination of the Deposit Insurance Interest Rate at Commercial Banks and Rural Banks can be used as a reference by the Ministry of Cooperatives and SMEs to encourage KSP to set investment interest rates fairly. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kecukupan peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur tentang penyelenggaraan investasi oleh Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) dan merumuskan konstruksi hukum terkait penetapan suku bunga investasi oleh KSP melalui peraturan Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan (LPS) tentang Penetapan Tingkat Bunga Penjaminan Simpanan dalam bentuk Surat Edaran LSP. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif, spesifikasi penelitian deskriptif analitis dan metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah penafsiran sistematis dan konstruksi hukum analogi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur mengenai investasi yang dilakukan KSP tidak cukup memadai khususnya pada bagian yang berkaitan dengan penetapan suku bunga investasi sehingga masih banyak KSP yang menetapkan bunga tinggi dalam program investasinya. Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 7 Tahun 2021 tentang Kemudahan, Perlindungan dan Pemberdayaan Koperasi dan Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah, juga tidak mengakomodasi ketentuan tentang program investasi yang dapat dilakukan KSP. Beberapa ketentuan baru dalam kedua peraturan tersebut dikhawatirkan memunculkan banyak praktik investasi berbunga tinggi oleh KSP yang lebih mengutamakan kepentingan lembaganya dibandingkan kesejahteraan anggota. Melalui analisis konstruksi hukum, ditemukan bahwa Surat Edaran Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan (LPS) tentang Penetapan Tingkat Bunga Penjaminan Simpanan pada Bank Umum dan Bank Perkreditan Rakyat dapat dijadikan rujukan oleh Kementerian Koperasi dan UKM untuk mendorong KSP dalam menetapkan suku bunga investasi secara wajar
Corporate punishment in the environmental aspect has not led to social justice based on Islamic law principles because of the lack of attention to the community as victims who suffer losses due to environmental pollution, which should be a life support. This study aimed to realize that social justice based on Islamic law principles incorporates punishment in environmental aspects for the future. This type of research uses a normative legal typology to approach the principles, systematics, and level of legal synchronization of legislation based on Islamic Law and Law No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management. Secondary data obtained through library studies were analyzed descriptively. The results show that the nature of corporate punishment in environmental aspects in Islamic Law aims to prevent corporations from repeating their actions, prevent other corporations from participating in environmental pollution, and foster corporations that have polluted the environment. Furthermore, the embodiment of social justice based on Islamic law principles incorporate punishment in the environmental aspect must contain the values of corporate culture and community development. Social justice is in line with the principle of the benefit of the people in Islamic Law, where each punishment contains aspects of paying attention to victims of crime.
