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Among the women involved in international legal environments, there are women who are administrators of justice, and women who remain as recipients, consumers or petitioners of justice. The question of identity, be it national, cultural, ethnic, religious or otherwise may become crucial when positioning human beings in one side of justice or another. This article seeks to analyse the formation of identities and the characteristics of Roma women's identity and specifically their roles in international justice together with some actual European political stances towards the Roma peoples. Part of the study will take into account the sequence of processes that take place from the appointment of international judges to the resolutions of the United Nations Security Council, and that lead to the granting of a certain place for women in the transitional/international justice scene. Nevertheless, there are also groups of women who hardly participate in the international legal scene and, although their role has historically been, and still is, reduced to being victims, their possibilities of action in the field justice are extraordinarily limited. This is the case of Roma women in Europe.

This article was partially written in the framework of the project "The Science of Values and Identities in the Political Process", the project is part of the European Commission's Joint Research Centre's Enlightenment 2.0 multi-annual research program. ; Among the women involved in international legal environments, there are women who are administrators of justice, and women who remain as recipients, consumers or petitioners of justice. The question of identity, be it national, cultural, ethnic, religious or otherwise may become crucial when positioning human beings in one side of justice or another. This article seeks to analyse the formation of identities and the characteristics of Roma women's identity and specifically their roles in international justice together with some actual European political stances towards the Roma peoples. Part of the study will take into account the sequence of processes that take place from the appointment of international judges to the resolutions of the United Nations Security Council, and that lead to the granting of a certain place for women in the transitional/international justice scene. Nevertheless, there are also groups of women who hardly participate in the international legal scene and, although their role has historically been, and still is, reduced to being victims, their possibilities of action in the field justice are extraordinarily limited. This is the case of Roma women in Europe. ; European Commission's Joint Research Centre's Enlightenment 2.0 multi-annual research program

Among the women involved in international legal environments, there are women who are administrators of justice, and women who remain as recipients, consumers or petitioners of justice. The question of identity, be it national, cultural, ethnic, religious or otherwise may become crucial when positioning human beings in one side of justice or another. This article seeks to analyse the formation of identities and the characteristics of Roma women's identity and specifically their roles in international justice together with some actual European political stances towards the Roma peoples. Part of the study will take into account the sequence of processes that take place from the appointment of international judges to the resolutions of the United Nations Security Council, and that lead to the granting of a certain place for women in the transitional/international justice scene. Nevertheless, there are also groups of women who hardly participate in the international legal scene and, although their role has historically been, and still is, reduced to being victims, their possibilities of action in the field justice are extraordinarily limited. This is the case of Roma women in Europe.

Desde los enfoques tradicionales sobre derechos humanos, los agentes transnacionales quedan fuera de la legislación que protege estos derechos. Los procesos de globalización han incrementado el número y la tipología de estos actores que parecen no vinculados directamente por las normas de derechos humanos. El resultado puede traducirse en una crisis del Estado como protector y transgresor único de los derechos, y en una necesidad de nuevos enfoques que otorguen eficacia a los mecanismos de responsabilidad. El objetivo es argumentar a favor de la "eficacia frente a terceros" de los derechos humanos y poner de manifiesto la necesidad de transparencia en los mecanismos que rodean la creación de la lex mercatoria. ; Using traditional approaches to human rights, transnational actors are beyond the scope of legislation protecting these rights. Globalization processes have increased the number and typology of these actors, who seem not to be directly bound by human rights norms. The result can be a crisis of the state as the sole protector and transgressor of rights and a need for new approaches that make accountability mechanisms effective. The aim is to defend the efficiency of human rights vis-à-vis third parties and to highlight the need for transparency in the mechanisms surrounding the creation of the Law Merchant.

Desde los enfoques tradicionales sobre derechos humanos, los agentes transnacionales quedan fuera de la legislación que protege estos derechos. Los procesos de globalización han incrementado el número y la tipología de estos actores que parecen no vinculados directamente por las normas de derechos humanos. El resultado puede traducirse en una crisis del Estado como protector y transgresor único de los derechos, y en una necesidad de nuevos enfoques que otorguen eficacia a los mecanismos de responsabilidad. El objetivo es argumentar a favor de la "eficacia frente a terceros" de los derechos humanos y poner de manifiesto la necesidad de transparencia en los mecanismos que rodean la creación de la lex mercatoria.

Desde los enfoques tradicionales sobre derechos humanos, los agentes transnacionales quedan fuera de la legislación que protege estos derechos. Los procesos de globalización han incrementado el número y la tipología de estos actores que parecen no vinculados directamente por las normas de derechos humanos. El resultado puede traducirse en una crisis del Estado como protector y transgresor único de los derechos, y en una necesidad de nuevos enfoques que otorguen eficacia a los mecanismos de responsabilidad. El objetivo es argumentar a favor de la "eficacia frente a terceros" de los derechos humanos y poner de manifiesto la necesidad de transparencia en los mecanismos que rodean la creación de la lex mercatoria.