Suchergebnisse

Jeweils für sich betrachtet sind schon der Wettbewerb der Rechtsordnungen und die europarechtlich induzierte Reform der Leistungen der Daseinsvorsorge geeignete Arbeitsfelder rechtswissenschaftlicher Forschung. In der vorliegenden Studie unternimmt Henning Jensen den Versuch einer Kombination beider Themen. Ausgangspunkt ist die These, dass jeweils beide Themen in neuem Licht erscheinen, bezieht man sie wechselseitig aufeinander. In diesem Sinne konkurrieren verschiedene Vorstellungen der Erbringung gemeinwohlorientierter Leistungen im Europarecht um bestmögliche Geltung. Der europarechtliche Normenbestand, der auf die kommunale Daseinsvorsorge einwirkt, wird aus der Perspektive des Wettbewerbs der Rechtsordnungen betrachtet. Henning Jensen zeigt, dass beide Diskurse von der Frage geprägt sind, wie und in welchem Umfang Staat und Markt dazu geeignet und bestimmt sind, Gemeinwohl zu erzeugen.

Part 3: Public Services ; International audience ; In the mid-1970s the Danish banks saw problems in controlling national payments. The use of checks had increased dramatically, as had the cost of check clearing. The national postal giro system was a cheap and popular payment system across a large part of the population, and foreign payment card companies were interested in the Danish market. Facing these challenges, the Danish banks and savings banks agreed to establish a shared national electronic debit card system (Dankort), the first in the world. The Dankort project faced much public and political attention, which produced a parliament act on payment card systems. The Dankort project encompassed development of new hardware and software and a new payment procedure in the Danish retail. Dankort now covers more than 80 % of all retail payments in Denmark (2014).

In this paper we calibrate two static computable general equilibrium (CGE) models with respectively 16 and 5,999 representative households. Aggregated and disaggregated household categories are consistently embedded in a 2000 social accounting matrix for Vietnam, mapping on a one-to-one basis to each other. Distinct differences in poverty assessments emerge when the impact of trade liberalization is analyzed in the two models. This highlights the importance of modeling micro household behavior and related income and expenditure distributions endogenously within a static CGE model framework. Our simulations indicate that poverty will rise following a revenue-neutral lowering of trade taxes. This is interpreted as a worst case scenario, which suggests that government should be proactive in combining trade liberalization measures with a pro-poor fiscal response to avoid increasing poverty in the short to medium term. – poverty ; trade liberalization ; general equilibrium models ; Vietnam

This paper makes use of a 1997 computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to analyse three potential strategies that Mozambique can pursue unilaterally with a view to initiating a sustainable development process. They include (i) an agriculture-first strategy, (ii) an agricultural-development led industrialization (ADLI) strategy, and (iii) a primary-sector export-oriented strategy. The ADLI strategy dominates the other development strategies since important synergy effects in aggregate welfare arise from including key agro-industry sectors into the agriculture-first development strategy. Moreover, the ADLI strategy can be designed so it has a relatively strong impact on the welfare of the poorest poverty-stricken households, and still maintain the politically sensitive factorial distribution of income.