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BOTH FRANCE AND QUEBEC HAVE REFORMED THEIR CHILD CARE POLICIES IN RECENT YEARS. IN FRANCE THE MOVE WAS TOWARDS MORE VARIED CHOICE FOR PARENTS. IN QUEBEC, THE DIRECTION OF CHANGE WAS TOWARDS A MORE UNIFORM AND PUBLIC SYSTEM. THIS ARTICLE ACCOUNTS FOR THESE DIVERGING OUTCOMES BY PRESENTING THE DIFFERENT DEFINITIONS OF THE PROBLEM OF CHILD CARE WHICH DERIVED FROM THE DEPLOYMENT OF DIFFERENT BODIES OF SOCIAL KNOWLEDGE BY A DIFFERENT MIX OF POLICY NETWORKS.

Tribunal Secretaries in International Arbitration adopts a transnational approach to systematically answer questions about tribunal secretaries often discussed but thus far unresolved. With useful analysis and practical guidelines, it is an essential tool for all practitioners and academics involved in international arbitration.

Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Author's Note -- Acknowledgments -- Overview -- Ch 1. Some Basic Facts about the Service Sector and Service Trade -- Size and Growth of the Service Sector -- Services in More Detail -- Wages in the Service Sector -- The Service Sector and the Broader Economy -- Characteristics of Service Producers: A Closer Look -- International Comparisons -- A First Look at Trade in Services -- Summary -- Ch 2. A New Approach to Identifying Tradable Services -- New Methodology -- Classifying Industries and Occupations by Tradability -- Ch 3. Characteristics of Workers in Tradable Service Industries -- How Many Workers Are Employed in Tradable Services? -- Characteristics of Workers in Tradable Industries and Tradable Occupations -- Characteristics of Industry-Occupation Combinations -- Detailed Industry and Occupation Profiles -- Regression Results -- Ch 4. Comparative Advantage: Lessons from Manufacturing -- Comparative Advantage -- Factor Abundance, Factor Intensity, and Comparative Advantage -- A Key Assumption: The Long Run -- Comparative Advantage across Industries in Manufacturing -- Education, Skills, and Earnings in Manufacturing -- Comparative Advantage and US Manufacturing Imports -- Comparative Advantage and US Manufacturing Exports -- Comparative Advantage within Manufacturing Industries -- Conclusion -- Ch 5. Comparative Advantage: Prospects for the Service Sector -- Comparative Advantage across Sectors: US Trade Balances in Goods and Services -- Education, Skills, and Earnings in Services -- Comparative Advantage and Exports across Service Industries -- Comparative Advantage within Service Industries -- Comparative Advantage and US Service Imports -- Conclusion -- Ch 6. Impediments to Trade in Services -- How Prevalent Is Trade in Services? -- Impediments to Trade in Services -- Conclusion.

A rapid and widespread growth of interest in applied ethics is occurring today not only in the United States, but around the world as well. Academia both reflects this and is a leader in the movement. The field of speech communication shares in this increased sensitivity to ethical concerns. Students and the general public are looking for thoughtful analyses and guidance in all areas of communication. Ethical concerns relative to mass communication have been the subject of a number of books, but only a very few cover the entire scope of communication to include interpersonal, intercultural, or

The service sector is large and growing. Additionally, international trade in services is growing rapidly. Yet there is a dearth of empirical research on the size, scope and potential impact of services trade. The underlying source of this gap is well-known-official statistics on the service sector in general, and trade in services in particular, lack the level of detail available for the manufacturing sector in many dimensions. Because services are such a large and important component of the US economy, understanding the implications of increased trade in services is crucial to the trade liberalization agenda going forward. In this path-breaking book, J. Bradford Jensen conducts primary research using a range of data sources to produce the most detailed and robust portrait available on the size, scope, and potential impact of trade in services on the US economy. Jensen presents new evidence on the prevalence of service firm participation in international trade. He finds that, in spite of US comparative advantage in service activities, service firms' export participation lags manufacturing firms. Jensen evaluates the impediments to services trade and finds evidence that there is considerable room for liberalization-especially among the large, fast-growing developing economies. The policy recommendations coming out of this path-breaking study are quite clear. The United States should not fear trade in services. It should be pushing aggressively for services trade liberalization. Because other advanced economies have similar comparative advantage in service, the United States should make common cause with the European Union and other advanced economies to encourage the large, fast-growing developing economies to liberalize their service sectors through multilateral negotiations in the General Agreement on Trade in Services and the Government Procurement Agreement. Jensen notes that the coming global infrastructure building boom is of historic proportions and provides an enormous opportunity for US service firms if the proper policies are in place. Increased trade in services might help rebalance the global economy, and both developed and developing economies would benefit from the productivity-enhancing reallocation brought by increased trade in services.

For the first time, a monograph thoroughly analyses the controversial and sensitive topic of secretaries to arbitral tribunals. Tribunal secretaries support arbitrators at all stages of the arbitration and provide valuable assistance; yet, thus far, they have remained largely in the shadows. This book provides vital discussion on how tribunal secretaries should be appointed, what specific tasks they may be endowed with, and what the consequences of an impermissible use are. Comprehensive analysis of case law, arbitration legislation, institutional rules and guidelines, and supporting literature guides the reader towards a profound understanding of the benefits and pitfalls surrounding the tribunal secretary's position. 0Tribunal Secretaries in International Arbitration adopts a transnational approach to systematically answer questions often discussed but thus far unresolved. Structured in three parts, the book develops the conceptual foundations, discusses the practical implementation, and outlines limits of the permissible use of tribunal secretaries. The busy practitioner is furnished with easy-to-use templates and guidelines for practical and seamless implementation in international arbitrations. These include a seven-step formal appointment process, ready-to-use material for correspondence with the parties, and a Traffic Light Scale of Permissible Tribunal Secretary Tasks for the consultation of arbitrators, secretaries and parties alike. 0Shining a spotlight on the tribunal secretary, this monograph is an invaluable contribution to the further institutionalisation of a role of ever-increasing importance in the coming years. With useful analysis and practical guidelines, it is an essential tool for all practitioners and academics involved in international arbitration

'Tribunal Secretaries in International Arbitration' adopts a transnational approach to systematically answer questions about tribunal secretaries often discussed but thus far unresolved. With useful analysis and practical guidelines, it is an essential tool for all practitioners and academics involved in international arbitration.