Suchergebnisse

Efficient ship detection is essential to the strategies of commerce and military. However, traditional ship detection methods have low detection efficiency and poor reliability due to uncertain conditions of the sea surface, such as the atmosphere, illumination, clouds and islands. Hence, in this study, a novel ship target automatic detection system based on a modified hypercomplex Flourier transform (MHFT) saliency model is proposed for spatial resolution of remote-sensing images. The method first utilizes visual saliency theory to effectively suppress sea surface interference. Then we use OTSU methods to extract regions of interest. After obtaining the candidate ship target regions, we get the candidate target using a method of ship target recognition based on ResNet framework. This method has better accuracy and better performance for the recognition of ship targets than other methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method not only accurately and effectively recognizes ship targets, but also is suitable for spatial resolution of remote-sensing images with complex backgrounds.

Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit dem oft unaufklärbaren und als Black Box bezeichneten Kausalitätsproblem bei der Haftung für ärztliche Behandlungsfehler. Es gibt dafür grundsätzlich zwei Lösungsansätze, nämlich das Alles-oder-nichts-Prinzip und die anteilige Haftung. Ersteres findet sich zwar in Form der Beweislastumkehr bei grobem Behandlungsfehler im geltenden Recht, es gibt dafür aber keine überzeugende dogmatische Begründung. Letztere hingegen ist an sich logisch schlüssig und konsequent, zumindest in Form der Haftung für verlorene Chancen. Aus rechtsökonomischer Sicht kann das Alles-oder-nichts-Prinzip im geltenden Recht ebenso effizient sein wie die anteilige Haftung, wenn die Rechtsdurchsetzungskosten berücksichtigt werden. Ein Vergleich der Grundgedanken des deutschen und chinesischen Rechts ergibt, dass die anteilige Haftung im chinesischen Arzthaftungsrecht auf der falschen Annahme basiert, dass die Kausalität zwischen dem Behandlungsfehler und dem Schaden stets aufklärbar ist. / »Proportional Liability in Medical Malpractice Cases« -- This book deals with two possible solutions to the problem of uncertain causation between medical error and the damage suffered by the patient under German law – the pro rata liability rule and the all-or-nothing rule. Two interesting results: Firstly, the all-or-nothing rule could be as efficient as the pro rata liability rule; secondly, the Chinese medical malpractice law adopts a pro rata liability rule, which empirically did not work well und is theoretically based on many false assumptions

Efficient ship detection is essential to the strategies of commerce and military. However, traditional ship detection methods have low detection efficiency and poor reliability due to uncertain conditions of the sea surface, such as the atmosphere, illumination, clouds and islands. Hence, in this study, a novel ship target automatic detection system based on a modified hypercomplex Flourier transform (MHFT) saliency model is proposed for spatial resolution of remote-sensing images. The method first utilizes visual saliency theory to effectively suppress sea surface interference. Then we use OTSU methods to extract regions of interest. After obtaining the candidate ship target regions, we get the candidate target using a method of ship target recognition based on ResNet framework. This method has better accuracy and better performance for the recognition of ship targets than other methods. The experimental results show that the proposed method not only accurately and effectively recognizes ship targets, but also is suitable for spatial resolution of remote-sensing images with complex backgrounds.

BACKGROUND: The emerging infectious disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), poses a serious threat in China and worldwide. Challenged by this serious situation, China has taken many measures to contain its transmission. This study aims to systematically review and record these special and effective practices, in hope of benefiting for fighting against the ongoing worldwide pandemic. METHODS: The measures taken by the governments was tracked and sorted on a daily basis from the websites of governmental authorities (e.g. National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China). And the measures were reviewed and summarized by categorizations, figures and tables, showing an ever-changing process of combating with an emerging infectious disease. The population shift levels, daily local new diagnosed cases, daily mortality and daily local new cured cases were used for measuring the effect of the measures. RESULTS: The practices could be categorized into active case surveillance, rapid case diagnosis and management, strict follow-up and quarantine of persons with close contacts, and issuance of guidance to help the public understand and adhere to control measures, plus prompt and effective high-level policy decision, complete activation of the public health system, and full involvement of the society. Along with the measures, the population shift levels, daily local new diagnosed cases, and mortality were decreased, and the daily local new cured cases were increased in China. CONCLUSIONS: China's practices are effective in controlling transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Considering newly occurred situations (e.g. imported cases, work resumption), the control measures may be adjusted.