Suchergebnisse

AbstractThis paper examines the formation of states during the Iron Age of the eastern Mediterranean, with particular emphasis on the Levantine states of Israel, Judah, Ammon, and Moab. Using archaeology and texts it proposes that the formation of secondary states was fundamentally different from that of early states such as in Mesopotamia and Egypt. Secondary states in the Levant needed to create not new bureaucratic methods, but new social identities, novel ethnic categories and boundaries. New ideologies were disseminated through material culture which was saturated with symbols of identity, from royal architecture through personal emblems. Cet article examine la formation des états pendant l'âge de fer du méditerranéen oriental, avec l'emphase particulière sur des états de Levantine de l'Israel, du Judah, de l'Ammon, et du Moab. En utilisant l'archéologie et les textes il propose que la formation des états secondaires ait été fondamentalement différente de celle des états tôt comme dans Mesopotamia et l'Egypte. Les états secondaires dans le Levant ont dû ne pas créer des méthodes bureaucratiques nouvelles, mais de nouvelles identités sociales, des catégories de roman et des bornes ethniques. De nouvelles idéologies ont été diffusées par la culture matérielle qui a été saturée avec des symboles d'identité, de l'architecture royale par les emblèmes personnels.

Reconstructing Crusader -- November 23-26: Breakdown and Insubordination -- History takes Shape after 26 November -- The Path toward Rehabilitation and the Genesis of History -- The Evidence of Other Voices -- History and Memory in an Era of Commemoration and Forgetting -- Crusader and the Desert War in the Public Eye -- Crusader Between History and Memory.

During the 2011 political revolution in Egypt, scenes of ransacking and destroying antiquities from the Cairo Museum shocked viewers. This article discusses the importance of Egypt's antiquities and the realities behind their destruction. Adapted from the source document.

The book examines the leading role of the Quaker American Friends Service Committee in the United Nations relief program for Palestine Arab refugees in 1948-1950 in the Gaza Strip. Using archival data, oral histories, and biographical accounts, it provides a detailed look at internal decision-making in an early non-governmental organization