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Proceedings of the Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2013), San Diego, CA, November 2013. ; Refereed Article ; The hardware identifiers of common wireless protocols can be exploited by adversaries for both tracking and physical device association. Rather than examining hardware identifiers in isolation, we observe that many modern devices are equipped with multiple wireless interfaces of different physical types, e.g. GSM and 802.11, suggesting that there exists utility in cross-protocol hardware identifier correlation. This research empirically examines the feasibility of such cross-protocol association, concentrating on correlating a GSM hardware identifier to that of the 802.11 hardware identifier on the same device. Our dataset includes 18 distinct mobile devices, with identifiers collected over time at disparate locations. We develop correlation techniques from the perspective of two adversaries: i) limited, able to observe identifiers only in time and space; and ii) a more advanced adversary with visibility into the data stream of each protocol. We first test correlation via temporal and spatial analysis using only basic signal collection, mimicking an RF collection with no decryption or data processing capability. Using a constrained optimization algorithm over temporal and spatial data to perform matching, we demonstrate increasing association accuracy over time, up to 80% in our experiments. Our second approach simulates the added capability to collect, decrypt, and reconstruct specific application protocol data, and parses the data of one protocol using search terms derived from the other. With the combined techniques, we achieve 100% accuracy and precision.

17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under temporary embargo. ; U.S. Government affiliation is unstated in article text.

17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under temporary embargo. ; U.S. Government affiliation is unstated in article text.

17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under temporary embargo. ; Proceedings of the 54th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 2021 ; U.S. Government affiliation is unstated in article text.

17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under temporary embargo. ; As everyone knows, this has been an unusual year. In-person meetings, including this conference, have gone entirely online. This minitrack, which first appeared in 2005, will be entirely online and asynchronous in 2021. ; U.S. Government affiliation is unstated in article text.

17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under temporary embargo. ; Cyber attacks are amongst the most serious threats facing people and organizations. In the face of the increasing complexity and effectiveness of these attacks, creative approaches to defense are required. Groups of insects survive due to their use of collaborative approaches with the unique ability to detect anomalies using primarily local data and very limited computational resources (i.e., limited brain power). These attributes are even more crucial for wireless ad hoc networks where the number of nodes and connections between those nodes are ephemeral. We propose a trust framework inspired by the detection mechanisms exhibited by bee swarms in which a wireless node can only observe and leverage the actions of their neighbors rather than the global knowledge of the network to make a decision. This leveraging of local knowledge is an important aspect of trust in wireless networks in which global state information is difficult to encapsulate. We also utilize models from binary voting to present a straightforward mathematical model for our bee-inspired trust framework in wireless ad hoc networks. ; U.S. Government affiliation is unstated in article text.

In this paper, the authors review documented problems in military intelligence that appear well suited for improvement via blockchain technology. We review guidance from the literature related to determining blockchain technology applicability and propose a decision aid tailored to military intelligence perspectives. We also propose applying batch queueing theory to enable initial feasibility studies and present analysis toward the first known case study of military intelligence incorporation of blockchain technology, a project reviewing blockchain applicability to an intelligence database that stores geographic locations of units of interest.

17 USC 105 interim-entered record; under temporary embargo. ; For moving target defense (MTD) to shift advantage away from cyber attackers, we need techniques which render systems unpredictable but still manageable. We formulate a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) which facilitates optimized MTD capable of thwarting cyber attacks without excess overhead. This paper describes POMDP formulation including the use of an absorbing final state and attack penalty scaling factor to abstract defender-defined priorities into the model. An autonomous agent leverages the POMDP to select the optimal defense based on assessed cyber-attack phase. We offer an example formulation wherein attack suppression of greater than 99% and system availability of greater than 94% were maintained even as probability of detection of attack phase dropped to 74%. ; U.S. Government affiliation is unstated in article text.