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IN THIS ACCOUNT OF THE ORIGINS AND ESTABLISHMENT OF THE EUROPEAN MONETARY SYSTEM THE AUTHOR FOCUSES ON THE BRITISH APPROACH TO IT. AT THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY/REGIONAL LEVEL, EMS LENT CREDENCE TO A VIEW OF BRITIAN AS A DISRUPTIVE INFLUENCE. ON THE BRITISH LEVEL THERE WAS EVIDENCE THAT A "DIPLOMATIC TRADITION" PREVAILED, SYMPTOMATIC OF PRE-OCCUPATION WITH A GLOBAL CANVAS, RESULTING IN PART-MEMBERSHIP.

An examination of definitions of development such as GNP & fertility level concludes that they are unsatisfactory, & substitutes a definition which views development in terms of improving the life quality of an individual or group of individuals. Sources of data for indicators & their limitations in West African countries are discussed. 2 broad groups of indicators--social & economic--are identified & divided into subgroups: (1) social--demographic & nondemographic, & (2) economic--agricultural & nonagricultural. Within each subgroup, indicators are evaluated & 1 or 2 selected as the most meaningful, based on personal knowledge of social & economic conditions in West African countries. These are: (A) the crude death rate, (B) dependency ratio, (C) Md years of schooling for F's aged 15 & over, (D) proportion of the population with access to a potable water supply, (E) the proportion of improved seed production in total annual requirements, & (F) the coefficient of variation of the income distribution. J. N. Mayer.