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Contents -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- Theoretical Framework -- References -- 2 The Impact of Electoral Systems on Women's Political Representation -- References -- 3 Mixed Member Proportional System in New Zealand -- Minor Parties and Disproportionality -- Women's Political Representation (or Lack Thereof) -- The Royal Commission on the Electoral System -- The 1992, 1993 and 2011 Referendum on Electoral Change -- References -- 4 Effects of MMP on Women in New Zealand -- Women in Leadership Roles -- References -- 5 Selection and Nomination of Women -- Women in Political Parties

This exploratory study describes the experiences of female politicians with political violence in Jamaica and the effect these encounters have had on them. The findings indicate that female politicians in Jamaica are affected by political violence before, during, and after an election, and even when they are in political office. Most of the violence experienced is of a gendered nature and can be defined as violence against women in politics. This study contributes to the growing body of scholarship on violence against women in politics by presenting and discussing findings from the Anglo Caribbean, an understudied region.

"Gender Inequality and Women's Citizenship combines cases across Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago to highlight the range of systemic inequalities that impact women in the Anglo-Caribbean. Using empirical and secondary data and drawing on feminist theoretical insights, Yonique Campbell and Tracy-Ann Johnson-Myers examine a range of pertinent and intersecting social, political and economic challenges facing women in the Anglo-Caribbean. The issues explored include gender-based violence, barriers to women in politics, the effects of COVID-19 on women, and debates around the illegality of abortion rights and failure to protect the health of women by allowing them to exercise autonomy over their bodies. They raise questions about systemic inequalities resulting from patriarchal gender relations, heteronormativity, women's social and economic status, and state inaction. This book is unique in its interdisciplinary analysis of gender inequality in the Anglo-Caribbean, mapping the intersection of women's multiple identities and positionalities to determine the obstacles they encounter. It will be of interest to scholars and researchers of International Relations, Caribbean Studies, Gender and Sexuality Studies, Development Studies, Sociology and Anthropology"--

This chapter discusses election forecasting using integrated methods to accurately predict the 2020 General Election in Jamaica. Integrated method is the strategic amalgamation of quantitative and qualitative data collection and processing to conduct research.There are two types of election forecasting, the use of pre-election polls and the use of statistical models. Polls are more popular compared to models so there is some skepticism about the accuracy of the latter in predicting elections, particularly in developing countries. Polls have received some harsh criticisms in recent years because some have been inaccurate. Despite some skepticism about statistical models and the criticism of polls, these two forecasting approaches complement each other. The three logistic regression models used to accurately forecast the 2020 General Election show that the state of the economy, the state of security, and the extent to which party leaders are accepted are very important to voters.