Suchergebnisse

In this thesis an attempt was made to examine the period1965-1975, in Australia, in terms of the symbolic politics ofsocial change in certain fields of "protest", viz the anti-Vietnammovements, women's movements, environmental movements,Aboriginal movements, "permissiveness" movementsand (to a lesser extent) "ethnic consciousness" movements.There was a concern with both the instrumental and the expressivefunctions of these forms of protest.Particular reliance was placed on some of the conceptsdeveloped by Kenneth Burke, Hugh Dalziel Duncan, Orrin.E.Klapp,Murray Edelman, James Combs and Michael Mansfield. Theseconcepts were used in an examination of pamphlets, petitions,editorials, letters to the editor of newspapers and magazines,books, badges, stickers, posters and contemporary accounts of theactivities pursued by the movements referred to.This resulted in a classification of various forms ofprotest action. Within each of these classifications there wasexamination of both instrumental and expressive elements - andalso with paradoxes of unintended consequences. The protest formswere seen to be capable of developing a "life" of their own.One of the main conclusions reached has been concerned withthe need, on occasion, to use symbolic forms of protest/challengein order to place new items on the agenda, or to re-defineexisting agenda items. However, the very theatricality of thetechniques used not only attracts attention and gives reassuranceto followers: it can also produce unintended consequences.The study of the theatricalities of agenda - changing meritscloser attention by political scientists than it has traditionallyreceived. There is a need to develop new methods of analysis.

To examine how social work students and faculty perceive and embody cultural competence, we conducted five focus groups with graduate students ( N = 16) and faculty members ( N = 10) from Canadian schools of social work. We interrogated how different theoretical frameworks related to cross-cultural social work practice (CCSWP) have been circulated and reified in social work education, and how certain dominant frameworks have been translated to embodied cross-cultural interactions in social work practice. To examine the praxis of CCSWP, which is often subtle and embedded in the semantics of languages and discourses, we were informed by critical theories of power, language, and discourses to analyze the data. The interview transcripts of both student and faculty focus groups showed similar dominant discursive patterns: (1) critiquing the conceptual use of cultural competence, (2) having a preference for terms such as cultural humility, cultural safety, or other constructs, and (3) describing the embodied practice of these constructs mainly as a general practice and omitting cross-cultural work. Participants differed in their expressed opposition to cultural competence and the exact terms they preferred as an alternative. Overall, participants discursively changed from a critical debate on semantic and conceptual differences between these constructs to negating them altogether as meaningless, effacing the very notion of cross-cultural social work and its embodied practice. In the end, cultural competence was discounted as both oppressive and anti-oppressive, a position which is reflected in the contested scholarship on cultural competence.

Women's role in economic life is changing under the impact of many forces. While discrimination and built-in prejudice against women in employment have been lessening in most parts of the world, in law and in practice, many eco nomic, social, and cultural factors and attitudes still place women at a disadvantage in the world of work and restrict their contribution unnecessarily and, in many cases, unfairly. A more constructive and imaginative approach is needed if women are to develop their potential, give of their best in economic life, and at the same time fulfill their other roles in society harmoniously. A first essential is more realistic and forward-looking vocational guidance and training for girls in the initial stage of preparation for work life. A second is a positive adaptation of society as a whole to the needs of women workers with family responsibilities of one kind or another. Women in developing countries will need new opportunities to participate in economic life as industrialization progresses. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) can help to promote equal rights and opportunities for women and to ensure them the social protection they need in relation to their special role of maternity and motherhood.

Darwin's extensive writings may seem antiquated to current thinkers with their predilections for cognitive science, neuroscience, and analytic branches of philosophy. He showed that morphologies are not simply taxonomic distinctions that allow classification into species. They describe living animals, hence morphologies-in-motion: animate forms of life engaged in synergies of meaningful movement, all of which are testimony to animal sentience.

Research on media-assisted distance education has been conducted since the 1930s, and most studies agree that when such courses are well designed, they are as effective as those taught in a traditional environment. Most of this research is based on a limited population however, and the extent to which it can be generalized to other groups is questioned. More recent research focuses on broader issues, such as new models of distance learning and interactivity strategies for learners at a distance. There are still some unanswered questions relating to the most effective types of interaction between learners and their teachers.

Assessment of the appeals of communism in Asia is handicapped by false conceptions and generalizations about the peoples of South and Southeast Asia. In Western writings and in the Western press, they are identified as "Asians," although they do not accept this identification them selves. Communist appeals are directed at the ethnic-lin guistic groups within each state. We have not analyzed the reasons why the peoples of the countries of southern Asia do not agree with us about the dangers of Communist expansion and world domination. We have not understood the bases for their attitudes which focus on different problems. Com munist appeals are more carefully directed to meet the real concerns of the peoples of this area. We tend to view the problems of communism as a contest in which one side must be a winner, and we tend to be impatient with those who are not either for us or against the Communists. This is illustrated by the many references to the contest between India and China as one of democracy versus communism. The impression is left that people in other Asian countries are watching this con test closely. Nothing could be farther from the truth. If we are successfully to counter the appeals of communism in Asia, we must study and investigate the history, culture, political behavior, and norms of conduct of the peoples in each country, particularly during the colonial period. We must know why segments of the people in each country think as they do and act as they do. This requires concerted research with at tempts to answer questions which are relevant to American policy formulation and action.

▪ Abstract  This article presents arguments for supplementing linguistic work focused on abstract social systems (languages, dialects, varieties) with linguistic work focused on individual speakers. It begins by reviewing how the individual speaker has been conceived of (when at all) in linguistics and linguistic anthropology. Two areas of linguistic research, discourse processing and linguistic variation and change, serve as examples of what is to be gained by supplementing a linguistics of systems with a linguistics of speakers. Finally, interest in the individual voice is placed in the context of a larger shift toward a more phenomenological approach to language and greater particularity in methods for its study.

"Research on human sexuality enjoyed a boom around 1900. Beyond the boundaries of science, a widespread social debate arose about the new discoveries and their potential social, moral, and political implications. This anthology examines the interactions between science, society, and art and offers historical-critical readings for a broad range of representations of sexual pathology." --

Woman's role in econ life is changing under the impact of many forces. While discrimination & built-in prejudice against F's in employment have been lessened in most parts of the world, in law & in practice, many econ, soc, & cultural factors & att's still place F's at a disadvantage in the world of work & restrict their contribution unnecessarily &, in many cases, unfairly. A more constructive & imaginative approach is needed if F's are to develop their potential, give of their best in econ life, & at the same time fulfill their other roles in society harmoniously. A 1st essential is more realistic & forward-looking vocational guidance & training for girls in the initial stage of preparation for work life. A 2nd is a positive adaptation of society as a whole to the needs of F workers with fam responsibilities of one kind or another. F's in developing countries will need new opportunities to participate in econ life as industr'ization progresses. The Internat'l Labor Org can help to promote equal rights & opportunities for F's & to ensure them the soc protection they need re their special role of maternity & motherhood. HA.