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Après une contribution remarquable à la stabilisation initiale des conflits gelés de la Communauté des États indépendants, Moscou a progressivement adopté des politiques favorisant les entités sécessionnistes. La remise en question de la neutralité de la Russie impose un réajustement du rôle de la communauté internationale dans la région. Pour des raisons qui leur sont propres, tant l'Union européenne que l' otan tendent à favoriser la stabilité régionale. Ces deux organisations régionales – qui avaient coordonné leurs politiques à la fin de la guerre froide – ont emprunté des voies différentes au milieu des années 2000. Ainsi, seule l' ue cherche à s'impliquer dans les processus de paix entourant les conflits gelés. La guerre russo-géorgienne a accentué les divergences entre l' ue et l' otan.

There is no doubt that Russia's initial contribution to a stabilization of frozen conflicts within the CIS was remarkable. However Russia progressively adopted policies clearly favoring the secessionist entities, which casts doubt on the neutrality of Russian mediation. This development calls for a readjustment of the role played by the international community in this region. For their own particular reasons, European Union & NATO are both seeking to contribute more actively to regional stability. These organizations -- whose efforts used to go hand in hand following the end of the cold war -- have adopted divergent policies since the mid-2000s. As a consequence, only the EU is willing to get involved in the peace processes in order to settle the frozen conflicts. Adapted from the source document.

Reviews impact of the Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe and Quick Start Package on the reconstruction of post-conflict Balkan states; comparison with the Marshall Plan; bibliographic essay.

A review essay on books by (1) Bruno Coppieters, Federalism and Conflict in the Caucasus: Perspectives for the South Caucasus (London: Royal Instit International Affairs, 2001); (2) Bruno Coppieters, David Darchiashvili, & Natella Akaba (Eds), Federal Practice: Exploring Alternatives for Georgia and Abkhazia (Brussels, Belgium: Free U Brussel Press, 2000); (3) Svante E. Cornell, Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus (Richmond: Curzon, 2001); & (4) Tim Potier, Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh, Abkhazia and South Ossetia: A Legal Appraisal (The Hague, Netherlands: Kluwer Law International, 2001). These works examine the processes at work in former Soviet countries attempting to resolve conflicts in the Caucasus, looking specifically at efforts toward peace & the potential of federalism as an instrument of conflict resolution. The works by Coppieters center on the specific advantages that federalism brings to the peace process. Cornell's book takes a geopolitical approach to the recent evolution of conflict in the Caucasus, focusing specifically on the conflicts' internal dynamics. Potier's work details the constitutional debates & negotiations surrounding the conflicts, & the place of self-determination within them. D. Weibel