Suchergebnisse

The objective of this note is to illustrate the impact of defense alliances on international arms trade. By differentiating between the income and price effects that are associated with the formation of international alliances, it is possible to consider the involvement of alliance member countries in international arms trade. The availability of a world market for armaments enables alliance members to encash the spillover benefits created by alliance formation. When alliance members make a significant contribution to world trade, the impact upon the international terms of trade affects the gains from membership. Should allied countries engage in trade management, they may affect the distribution of such membership benefits. An analysis of interalliance trade in armaments suggests a distinction between world efficiency and alliance efficiency. Allied countries exporting armaments may have an incentive to trade with other allies at a reduced price rather than trade with the rest of the world.

Expands on the concept of the 'ethical voter' put forward by D. C. Mueller (1987) by devising a scalar measurement of altruism as well as a means of determining the factors that affect an individual's position on this scale. Two small pilot studies (involving surveys of 466 & 345 voters in Bath, England, conducted in 1988 & 1992, respectively) illustrate these concepts. It is found that altruism increases with the level of education & income. There is evidence that other socioeconomic variables, eg, age & gender, may have a differntial impact over the election cycle. 3 Tables, 1 Appendix, 17 References. Adapted from the source document.