Suchergebnisse

"Der 'Arabische Frühling' ist in Syrien von der Forderung nach Reformen in einen gewalttätigen Ordnungskonflikt umgeschlagen. Dieser Beitrag skizziert den Zusammenhang zwischen politischen Ordnungskonzepten und Identitäten seit 1946." (Autorenreferat)

Orte und Städte haben sich entlang von Strassen entwickelt. In den letzten Jahrzehnten haben der stetige Ausbau für den motorisierten Individualverkehr und die bauliche Reaktion auf dessen Lärm die räumliche Struktur entlang der Strassen stark geprägt und vielerorts zusammen mit fehlenden Aufenthaltsqualitäten zu unwirtlichen Stadträumen geführt. Diesem Befund geht Städtebau beginnt an der Strasse nach und versucht, Abhilfe zu schaffen. Das Buch, das aus langjährigen Forschungen des Instituts Urban Landscape der ZHAW in Winterthur hervorgegangen ist, zeigt Wege auf, wie die Strassen vom Problemfall wieder zu einem Rückgrat der Orts- und Stadtentwicklung werden. Anhand von Analysen und Fotodokumentationen werden die heutigen Qualitäten und Herausforderungen diskutiert. Mit konkreten Beispielen aus der Schweiz, Deutschland und Österreich zeigt das Buch Strategien auf, wie die Herausforderungen von Klimaanpassung, Mobilität, Lärm und der Bezug zur Quartierstruktur integral gedacht und Strassen wieder zu qualitätsvollen öffentlichen Räumen werden können

Lange Zeit hat man Naturgefahren durch technische Massnahmen zu bändigen versucht. Die aktuelle Gesetzgebung spricht nun davon, Naturgefahren prioritär raumplanerisch anzugehen, also zum Beispiel gefährdete Räume zu meiden. Dieser Politikwechsel bedingt eine Klärung der Frage, wie Interessierte und Betroffene bei der Umsetzung dieser neuen Strategie mit einzubeziehen sind. Für den häufig aus der Sicht der Naturwissenschaften beforschten Gegenstand «Naturgefahren» eröffnet sich so eine relevante sozialwissenschaftliche Herausforderung.

Background: With regular contacts to the general child population, healthcare professionals could play an important role in the detection of child maltreatment. However, a majority of child maltreatment cases go unnoticed by the healthcare system. Child protection legislations usually offer terms like "reasonable suspicion" to corner a threshold that warrants reporting to child protection services (CPS) is defined as. The indistinct legal terminology leads to marked differences in the interpretation of this threshold. Therefore, we aimed to systematically assess the understanding of reasonable suspicion and subsequent handling of cases in the German context. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 2485 physicians and psychotherapists working with children and adolescents. Field access was gained by German professional associations. Via case vignettes, predictors of thresholds for reporting were assessed. Results: The probability of a report to CPS increased positively with the degree of suspicion for maltreatment. However, even if participants were certain that child maltreatment occurred, 20% did not chose to report to CPS. Training in child protection lowered the professionals' threshold for reasonable suspicion; experience with child protection cases and good knowledge of the legal framework increased the likelihood to report an alleged situation of child maltreatment to CPS. Conclusion: Our data show that a significant proportion of health care professionals are uncertain about estimating reasonable suspicion and on how to proceed when there are strong indications for child maltreatment Therefore, data point towards the relevance of training in child protection among healthcare professionals in order to improve detection and adequate handling of cases of child maltreatment.

BACKGROUND: With regular contacts to the general child population, healthcare professionals could play an important role in the detection of child maltreatment. However, a majority of child maltreatment cases go unnoticed by the healthcare system. Child protection legislations usually offer terms like "reasonable suspicion" to corner a threshold that warrants reporting to child protection services (CPS) is defined as. The indistinct legal terminology leads to marked differences in the interpretation of this threshold. Therefore, we aimed to systematically assess the understanding of reasonable suspicion and subsequent handling of cases in the German context. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 2485 physicians and psychotherapists working with children and adolescents. Field access was gained by German professional associations. Via case vignettes, predictors of thresholds for reporting were assessed. RESULTS: The probability of a report to CPS increased positively with the degree of suspicion for maltreatment. However, even if participants were certain that child maltreatment occurred, 20% did not chose to report to CPS. Training in child protection lowered the professionals' threshold for reasonable suspicion; experience with child protection cases and good knowledge of the legal framework increased the likelihood to report an alleged situation of child maltreatment to CPS. CONCLUSION: Our data show that a significant proportion of health care professionals are uncertain about estimating reasonable suspicion and on how to proceed when there are strong indications for child maltreatment Therefore, data point towards the relevance of training in child protection among healthcare professionals in order to improve detection and adequate handling of cases of child maltreatment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13034-021-00381-7.

AbstractLeaving out‐of‐home care is a challenging situation not only for young people leaving care but also for the child welfare system. However, systematic and multiorganizational transitional programmes are often lacking. This study investigated Switzerland's first large‐scale care leaver programme and analysed associations between care leavers' needs and contactability in a sample of 459 care leavers. A first track compared the characteristics of successfully contacted care leavers and of not contactable care leavers ('dropouts'). The second track analysed the association between need for support and self‐rated or proxy‐rated quality of life in the subsample of 235 successfully contacted care leavers. Odds for indicators of lower educational attainment were substantially increased for dropouts. Additionally, self‐reported need for support was significantly associated with lower self‐ratings of quality of life in seven areas. Care leavers who accepted the programme's offer of coaching rated their quality of life lower than participants who reported no need for support and participants who reported a need for support but turned down coaching. For successfully contacted care leavers, the programme gave access to coaching sessions to the young people the most in need. However, dropouts appeared more vulnerable and might therefore benefit even more from aftercare support.