Suchergebnisse

Through interpreting the status of Hoche language and cultural practices from community voices, this ethnographic case study conducted in a minority language school centers on five Han and Hoche ethnic minority children's positions toward multi-language learning. My research explores how these children negotiate the policies and multilingual curriculum that illuminates the multilayered tensions between local issues and global transformation. Findings indicate that policies situate Hoche as a romantic representation of the past, whereas the narratives I gathered from Hoche and Han children's attitudes and ideologies about language show that younger generations are oriented toward future opportunities and influenced by globalization. This work contributes to scholarship on the education of minority children during a period of rapid industrialization by extending our understanding of ethnicity, diversity, and inclusivity issues via children's perspectives. Shedding light onto the lives of Hoche and other ethnic minority children's language practices, this paper is a call to urgently address power inequities in the ideologies and pedagogies enacted in service of Indigenous reclamation.

"Left-behind" children in rural China are those whose parents seek work in urban areas and leave them behind in their hometowns. In this article, I focus on the experiences of five young "left-behind" girls who were socially isolated because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the Chinese authorities' instruction to schools to "Stop classes, but don't stop learning," I examine microlevel data on the tensions and challenges experienced by these girls during the COVID-19 lockdown. I look at how the pandemic has affected these girls in relation to school and family life and suggest that it has exposed and magnified gender inequalities, particularly those related to the maltreatment exerted by their guardians and/or brothers, that have left them even further behind.

Government is one of the determinants for innovation capacity although its role and degree of involvement in innovation is debatable. Government intervention can be vital in supporting R&D and innovation as market alone cannot provide adequate incentives for knowledge production. Degrees of government intervention, however, vary in different economies and range from directive intervention by actively advising industrial policy and investing in selected areas, to facilitative intervention by creating positive environment and providing public goods for industry. This study uses Singapore and Hong Kong as two cases to explore the influence of government intervention on innovation performance. Singapore is known for strong government intervention while Hong Kong is famous for its positive non-intervention policy that minimizes the power of government in influencing the market. The comparison shows that innovation activities in Singapore are largely policy driven and dominated by big players, while in Hong Kong industry innovation is less active but the local industry has a dynamic innovation base contributed by small firms. Using a difference-in-differences analysis of USPTO patents filed by Singapore and Hong Kong, we find evidence for the effectiveness of government intervention on enhancing the technological significance and scope of innovation. The findings could shed light on the implication of government involvement in innovation. ; NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S'pore) ; MOE (Min. of Education, S'pore) ; Published version

Government is one of the determinants for innovation capacity although its role and degree of involvement in innovation is debatable. Government intervention can be vital in supporting R&D and innovation as market alone cannot provide adequate incentives for knowledge production. Degrees of government intervention, however, vary in different economies and range from directive intervention by actively advising industrial policy and investing in selected areas, to facilitative intervention by creating positive environment and providing public goods for industry. This study uses Singapore and Hong Kong as two cases to explore the influence of government intervention on innovation performance. Singapore is known for strong government intervention while Hong Kong is famous for its positive non-intervention policy that minimizes the power of government in influencing the market. The comparison shows that innovation activities in Singapore are largely policy driven and dominated by big players, while in Hong Kong industry innovation is less active but the local industry has a dynamic innovation base contributed by small firms. Using a difference-in-differences analysis of USPTO patents filed by Singapore and Hong Kong, we find evidence for the effectiveness of government intervention on enhancing the technological significance and scope of innovation. The findings could shed light on the implication of government involvement in innovation. ; NRF (Natl Research Foundation, S'pore) ; MOE (Min. of Education, S'pore) ; Published version

AbstractWe consider a stochastic partially observable system that can switch between a normal state and a transient abnormal state before entering a persistent abnormal state. Only the persistent abnormal state requires alarms. The transient and persistent abnormal states may be similar in appearance, which can result in excess false alarms. We propose a partially observable Markov decision process model to minimize the false alarm rate, subject to a given upper bound on the expected alarm delay time. The cost parameter is treated as the Lagrange multiplier, which can be estimated from the bound of the alarm delay. We show that the optimal policy has a control‐limit structure on the probability of persistent abnormality, and derive closed‐form bounds for the control limit and present an algorithm to specify the Lagrange multiplier. We also study a specialized model where the transient and persistent abnormal states have the same observation distribution, in which case an intuitive "watchful‐waiting" policy is optimal. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 320–334, 2016

There are debates on choices between the bottom-up and top-down urban regeneration approaches, and the former is often considered to be better quality since it includes mass stakeholders. This research aims to extend the understanding of the government-led top-down urban regeneration approach with a case study of the Eastern Suburbs in Chengdu, China. A qualitative interview-based approach was adopted. The results show that the top-down approach is efficient and brings high-quality results for large-scale post-industrial transformation with inclusive stakeholder management. There are several possible ways to involve stakeholders: actively or passively, participating in the whole process or some stages, and engaging fully or partially, according to the demand on site.

Casinos contribute huge sums of tax revenues to local government, and influence the local economy greatly. Customer satisfaction of casino hotels is a key factor that affects overnight customers, when evaluating the casino as a whole. To find out the determinants of customer satisfaction, along with the relationship between the key factors, this study is based on 2897 reviews, focusing on casino hotels in the Busan area, and performs a series analysis. First, text mining techniques are utilized, in order to elucidate which words were mentioned most often in online reviews. Furthermore, the semantic network method as well as factor and regression analysis were conducted. According to the findings, the top 70 ranked keywords are grouped into four clusters: "Entertainment", "Service", "Facilities", and "Atmosphere". The results of exploratory factor analysis are grouped in five factors: "Location", "Outdoor Facilities", "Indoor Facilities", "Services", and "Entertainment". Within these five factors, "Location" and "Outdoor Facilities" showed significantly positive impact on customer satisfaction, while "Indoor Facilities" and "Entertainment" have a significant negative influence on customer satisfaction. As a result of these findings, theoretical suggestions and practical recommendations have been made, for helping to launch the future marketing strategies of Busan casino hotels.

"This book discusses a number of Business Intelligence techniques including neural networks and its various improvements, support vector machine, genetic programming, clustering analysis, TEI@I, fuzzy systems, and text mining"--Provided by publisher