Suchergebnisse

Traditionally, unique and novel ceramic shapes, often connected to 'fine wares', have found their way into publications, while more common or traditional shapes are overlooked. This has skewed the publication process, wherein only material comparable with these early publications was regarded worth recording and publishing. In terms of ceramics, the association of the Seleucid period with novelty over continuity leaves this period as an enigma in the longue durée history of West Asia. On the interpretative scale, one is left with containers used to present, serve and consume food, but rarely with vessels used to store and prepare what was being served. The quality, quantity and uniformity of material related to this new production horizon is of such ubiquity, its introduction not embedded within a local framework of production and consumption seems unlikely. Integrating ceramic evidence of rural sites into a sequence of preceding material allows a more contextualised understanding of influence, Seleucid political rule over Northern Iraq may have had on a quotidian level.

In 2016, following pandemic influenza threats and the 2014–2016 Ebola virus disease outbreaks, the WHO developed a guidance document for managing ethical issues in infectious disease outbreaks. In this article, we analyse some ethical issues that have had a predominant role in decision making in response to the current COVID-19 pandemic but were absent or not addressed in the same ways in the 2016 guidance document. A pandemic results in a health crisis and social and political crises both nationally and globally. The ethical implications of these global effects should be properly identified so that appropriate actions can be taken globally and not just in national isolation. Our analysis, which is a starting point to test the broader relevance of the 2016 WHO document that remains the only available guidance document applicable globally, concludes that the WHO guidance should be updated to provide reasoned and thoughtful comprehensive ethics advice for the sound management of the current and future pandemics.