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The starting point and the reason for this study have been co-operation. Consequently, the purpose have been to give an accurate picture of the worlds of social work and youth work. This was done by describing and comparing them through purpose, values, target, goals, methods, and means as well as of the image of human, the educational objectives, and professionality. Hence, the goal of the study is to create coherent entity in which the differences and the similarities are represented in a way which facilitates to look the other party as well as self-image in respect to that other party on novel eyes. Arising out of this it is possible to become aware of those premise and alternatives there are for co-operation, to see the opportunities in the other party. The method of this study was to compare social work and youth work through defined characters and to see what differences and similarities there are between these two. Four main differences were found between social work and youth work. First, the starting point in social work was poverty and distress whereas that in youth work was idleness and leisure time education. Second, social work is oriented towards the problems and youth work towards leisure time. Third, the target in social work is the poor and all those who need help. The target in youth work has always been all kinds of young. Last, according to the determined criteria, it is possible to say that youth work don't have the status of profession whereas social work do have, even though it is weak. The main similarities were found from six aspects. First, their purpose is to adapt a person to the society and to develop the person's skills to master his life. Second, as the values they share individuality, acceptance as well as rights and responsibility of a person. Third, they both are working for the benefit of a person. They believe in human and in the possibilities in human. Fourth, as educational objectives they share the ideas of personal development, knowledge as a mean of personal growth, rewarding experiences, and co-operation. Fifth, their task is to secure and to create the premise and the possibilities for individual's growth. Sixth, they share the diversity of work methods. ; 1. INTRODUCTION 6 2. THE BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH 7 2.1. The Departure of the Study 7 2.2. The Research problem 8 2.3. Previous Studies Between Social Work and Youth Work 9 3. THE WORLDS OF SOCIAL WORK AND YOUTH WORK 11 3.1. An Overview to History of Social Work and Youth Work 11 3.2. The Picture Defined by the Literature 17 3.3. The Limitations of the Legislation 27 3.4. The Image of Human and the Educational Objectives in Social Work and in Youth Work 34 3.5. Professionality in Social Work and in Youth Work 40 3.6. The Differences and the Similarities Between Social Work and Youth Work 44 4. THE EMPIRICAL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STUDY 46 4.1. The Research Material 46 4.2. Handling of the Research Material 49 4.3. The Interpretation of the Research Material and Reporting 51 5. YOUTH WORK AS PART OF SOCIAL WELFARE 53 5.1. The Implementation and the Goals of the Restructury 53 5.1.1. The Free Municipality Experiment and the Result Management 53 5.1.2. The Project of the Development in Administration and Services 55 5.1.3. The Arguments of Youth Work´s transfer to the Social Sector 56 5.2. Thoughts of Another Possibility 58 6. SOCIAL WORK AND YOUTH WORK IN HÄMEENLINNA BETWEEN 1989 – 1993 60 7. THE RESULTS OF THE INTERVIEW STUDY 66 7.1. Defining Social Work and Youth Work 66 7.1.1. The Arguments About the Work Content 66 7.1.2. The Arguments of the Work Methods 68 7.1.3. The Arguments According to the Target Group 69 7.1.4. The Arguments Connected to the Profession 70 7.2. The Description of the Restructury 71 7.2.1. The Background and the Goals of the Restructury 72 7.2.2. About the Effects of the Restructury 76 7.3. The Picture of Co-operation 80 8. CONCLUSIONS 83 BIBLIOGRAPHY 90 APPENDICES APPENDIX 1. 97 APPENDIX 2. 98 APPENDIX 3. 99 APPENDIX 4. 100 APPENDIX 5. 102