Suchergebnisse

Straipsnyje, remiantis tarptautinio jaunimo delinkvencijos ir viktimizacijos kiekybinio tyrimo ISRD, kuris Lietuvoje atliktas 2006 m., 2013 m. ir 2022 m., duomenimis, nagrinėjamas jaunuolių, gimusių po 1990-ųjų metų Lietuvoje, turtinio ir smurtinio pobūdžio delinkventinis elgesys. Keliant klausimą, kaip keitėsi šio pobūdžio delinkventinio elgesio dinamika, kiek ji atliepė registruotų nepilnamečių nusikalstamų veikų tendencijas bei kiek lytis išliko kaip delinkventinį elgesį diferencijuojantis veiksnys, straipsnyje lyginamos trijų amžiaus kohortų, jaunuolių, gimusių 1991–1993 m., 1998–2000 m. ir 2007–2009 m., apklausų duomenys. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidė delinkventinio elgesio tarp kohortų skirtumus, o naujausio tyrimo rezultatai leidžia teigti, kad 2007–2009 m. gimusiųjų amžiaus kohortoje delinkventinis elgesys būdingas tiek vaikinams, tiek merginoms, ir šie jaunuoliai labiau pasižymi turtinio, o ne smurtinio pobūdžio delinkventiniu elgesiu.

The paper presents the results of sociological researches carried out within the frame­work of the project "Homicides in Lithuania: Criminological Research" carried out in 2012–2013 and supported by the Research Council of Lithuania. The sociological part of the project was intended to analyze the social factors that influence the homicides, as well as public attitudes toward the murders. In order to achieve this goal, there were reviewed the existing criminological theoretical insights on this issue, as well as ana­lyzed the empirical data on various social aspects of homicides. In the present publica­tion, the authors discuss the social, economic, and geopolitical contexts of homicides in Lithuania, present the sociological portrait of a murder based on the analysis of 894 criminal cases, and scrutinize various aspects of public attitudes towards homicides, murders, their victims, and the role of governmental institutions in the homicides' con­trol and prevention in Lithuanian society. The statistical analysis of homicides and other negative social and economic indi­cators among European states reveals Lithuania to belong to the so-called "post-Soviet cluster" that may indirectly point at the historical socio-political roots of homicides in the country. It could also explain the dramatically high rate of homicides in Lithuania and other Baltic countries as compared with the European Union states. The study of criminal cases in Lithuania demonstrates peculiarities in murderers' age and gender: in principle, only younger people commit group murders, among their victims there often are other men; women, differently than men, both in case of being a murderer or a victim, usually have close or family relations with the other participants of the crime incident. The results of a national survey show that respondents are able to differenti­ate murder's cases and the appropriate sanctions. Most of respondents believe that the reduction of the number of homicides in society is linked with a severe and effective execution of criminal penalties, but at the same time they also are in favor of the homi­cides' control and prevention program. ; Straipsnyje pristatomi projekto "Nužudymai Lietuvoje: kriminologinis tyrimas"1 pagrindu atliktų sociologinių tyrimų rezultatai. Projekto sociologinės analizės dalies tikslas buvo ištirti socialinius veiksnius, darančius įtaką nužudymams, taip pat visuomenės požiūrį į nužudymus. Siekiant šio tikslo buvo analizuojamos egzistuojančios kriminologinės teorinės įžvalgos šiuo klausimu (Čepas ir kt., 2013, p. 5–42), nagrinėjami empirinių tyrimų apie socialinius nužudymų aspektus rezultatai. Taip pat, remiantis baudžiamųjų bylų analize, buvo konstruojamas sociologinis žudiko portretas. Tyrimo metu buvo nagrinėjamas visuomenės narių požiūris į nužudymų problemas Lietuvoje.

This article aims to assess the Lithuanian population's punitive attitudes towards juvenile delinquents, to discuss them from the perspective of authoritarianism and to connect them to Lithuania's communist past. This study was a cross-sectional population-based study, administered in 2021. Multistage stratified sampling techniques were used to create a representative sample of 1,508 Lithuanian residents aged eighteen years and older. A measurement of attitudes was created by the authors based on the ideas about the tripartite attitude structure: measuring multiple attributes from the areas of affect (feelings towards juvenile offenders), cognition (explanations of the causes of juvenile offending), and action (measures for reduction of juvenile delinquency). The study revealed that almost half of Lithuanians hold punitive attitudes towards juvenile delinquents. These punitive attitudes correlate with negative feelings towards juvenile delinquents related to common stereotypes and inaccurate explanations of the causes of juvenile delinquency. Punitiveness was also connected with fears of "bad" Western influences such as the perceived overvaluing of children's rights and disapproval of violence against children and authoritarian parenting. The statement "Is juvenile delinquency in Lithuania increasing because of the bad influence of the West" divided the Lithuanian population into two almost equal groups: "Pro-Westerners" and "Anti-Westerners." "Anti-Westerners" were more likely to hold authoritarian views, while "Anti-Western" attitudes were more prevalent among older, less-educated, and lower-income citizens.