Suchergebnisse

Objectif: Pour contribuer à la réduction de la morbide mortalité liée à la rougeole, nous avons menés une étude descriptive transversale, au cours de laquelle nous avons analysés,, l'importance de la seconde vaccination, face aux résurgences de l'épidémie de la rougeole dans la zone de santé de Manika, district de Kolwezi, province du Katanga, en République démocratique du Congo, au cours de la période allant de janvier à décembre 2011 .Méthodologie et résultats: ressort de notre travail que, parmi les enfants enquêtés, 46,8% étaient non vaccinés, et parmi eux 38% avaient présenté la rougeole, l'Odds ratio est de 6,34 avec un intervalle de confiance de [4,26 ; 9,43], d'où une différence statistiquement significative qui se dégage entre la survenue de la rougeole et le statut de zéro dose. Pour ce qui est des enfants qui ont reçu une dose, on déduit que la vaccination est un facteur (OR = 0,45 IC95% [0,16 ; 0,87]). Quant aux enfants ayant reçu deux doses, il est a noté que la deuxième vaccination était apparu comme un facteur protecteur, offrant à l'enfant moins de chance à développer la rougeole (OR = 0,03 IC95% [0,01 ; 0,07]).Conclusion et application des résultats: Actuellement, il est admis qu'avec une seule dose de vaccination contre la rougeole, il est peu probable de réduire la morbidité et la mortalité liée à la rougeole dans la Zone de santé Manika, car environ 20,3% d'enfants vaccinés d'une seule dose, ont développé la maladie. La seconde vaccination des enfants demeure un enjeu majeur pour un meilleur contrôle, et élimination de la rougeole, dans notre pays.Mots clés: épidémie rougeole Manika : importance du schéma à deux dosesEnglish AbstractObjective: To contribute to the reduction of the morbid mortality related to measles, we conducted a descriptive transversal study, during which we analyzed, the importance of the second vaccination, in the face of resurgences of the measles epidemic in the Manika Health Zone, Kolwezi District, Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo, during the period January to December 2011.Methodology and results: Our work shows that among the children surveyed, 46.8% were unvaccinated, and among them 38% had measles, the odds ratio was 6.34 with a confidence interval of [4.26; 9.43], resulting in a statistically significant difference between the occurrence of measles and zero dose status. For children who received a dose, it is deduced that vaccination is a protective factor because its odds ratio is 0.45 (> to 1) and its confidence interval is [0.16; 0.87]. As for the children who received two doses, it was noted that the second vaccination is also a protective factor, giving the child less chance to develop measles, because his odds ratio was 0.03 with a confidence interval of [0.01; 0.07].Conclusion and application of results: Currently, it is recognized that with a single measles vaccination dose, it is unlikely to reduce measles-related morbidity and mortality in the Manika Health Zone, as about 20.3% of children vaccinated against measles are affected by measles. A single dose, developed the disease. The second vaccination of children remains a major challenge for better control and elimination of measles in our countryKeywords: Manika measles epidemic: importance of the two-dose regime

Two decades ago, the genocide against the Tutsis in Rwanda led to the deaths of 1 million people, and the displacement of millions more. Injury and trauma were followed by the effects of a devastated health system and economy. In the years that followed, a new course set by a new government set into motion equity-oriented national policies focusing on social cohesion and people-centred development. Premature mortality rates have fallen precipitously in recent years, and life expectancy has doubled since the mid-1990s. Here we reflect on the lessons learned in rebuilding Rwanda's health sector during the past two decades, as the country now prepares itself to take on new challenges in health-care delivery.