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The aim is to discern the epistemological and social performance of two concepts linked to violence: "filicide" and "battered woman syndrome", using data of field research conducted in the Province of Neuquén (Argentina), literature scientific and its application in judicial decisions. If one accepts a location of women in social places disadvantages, crossed by interference institutional, political and social stereotypes, both concepts should not be considered as causal. The "battered woman syndrome" does not account for the phenomenon of filicide, although they may be associated. The "battered woman syndrome" leaves intact the prevailing stereotype of "good-bad mother". The filicide should be treated independently as the "patriarchal society" prohibits killing children, thus keeping one "right" way to be a "good" mother. ; Se pretende discernir los fundamentos epistemológicos y la actuación social de dos conceptos ligados a situaciones de violencia: "filicidio" y "síndrome de la mujer golpeada", utilizando como referente empírico una investigación de campo realizada en la provincia del Neuquén (Argentina), literatura científica y su aplicación en las sentencias judiciales. Si se acepta una ubicación de la mujer en lugares sociales de desventajas, atravesados por injerencias institucionales, políticas y estereotipos sociales, ambos conceptos no deben considerarse en forma causal. El de "síndrome de la mujer golpeada" no da cuenta del fenómeno del filicidio, aunque pueden estar asociados. El "síndrome de la mujer golpeada" deja intacto el estereotipo imperante de "buena-mala madre". El filicidio debería ser tratado en forma independiente, ya que la "sociedad patriarcal" prohíbe matar a los hijos, manteniendo de esta forma una sola forma "correcta" de ser madre.

This paper discusses some of the methodological and ethical problems entailed by social research, specifically anthropology, in State prisons in the Province of Neuquen, Argentina. Traditional anthropological research methodology has to be combined with a range of additional precautions because this is a sensitive field for research where a balance (almost always an unstable one) must be struck among the different actors involved: inmates, warders, the authorities, members of the judiciary and inmates' families. Particular account needs to be taken of the relations among inmates, and between these and their warders, to ensure that existing strains are not exacerbated. At the same time it is important not to take sides, since the aim is to sustain as cordial and open a dialogue as possible with all parties. This does not mean, however, that the social researcher is prevented from taking an ethical stance towards crimes, non-observance of inmates' rights, or outright, repeated violations of these rights. This is a field of conflict where researchers have to mark out a position of their own, remaining independent of the actors involved while keeping channels of communication open so that the research can be carried forward. (Original abstract)

This paper discusses some of the methodological & ethical problems entailed by social research, specifically anthropology, in state prisons in the Province of Neuquen, Argentina. Traditional anthropological research methodology has to be combined with a range of additional precautions because this is a sensitive field for research where a balance (almost always an unstable one) must be struck among the different actors involved: inmates, warders, the authorities, members of the judiciary, & inmates' families. Particular account needs to be taken of the relations among inmates, & between these & their warders, to ensure that existing strains are not exacerbated. At the same time it is important not to take sides, since the aim is to sustain as cordial & open a dialogue as possible with all parties. This does not mean, however, that the social researcher is prevented from taking an ethical stance toward crimes, nonobservance of inmates' rights, or outright, repeated violations of these rights. This is a field of conflict where researchers have to mark out a position of their own, remaining independent of the actors involved while keeping channels of communication open so that the research can be carried forward. 23 References. Adapted from the source document.

Se pretende discernir los fundamentos epistemológicos y la actuación social de dos conceptos ligados a situaciones de violencia: "filicidio" y "síndrome de la mujer golpeada", utilizando como referente empírico una investigación de campo realizada en la provincia del Neuquén (Argentina), literatura científica y su aplicación en las sentencias judiciales. Si se acepta una ubicación de la mujer en lugares sociales de desventajas, atravesados por injerencias institucionales, políticas y estereotipos sociales, ambos conceptos no deben considerarse en forma causal. El de "síndrome de la mujer golpeada" no da cuenta del fenómeno del filicidio, aunque pueden estar asociados. El "síndrome de la mujer golpeada" deja intacto el estereotipo imperante de "buena-mala madre". El filicidio debería ser tratado en forma independiente, ya que la "sociedad patriarcal" prohíbe matar a los hijos, manteniendo de esta forma una sola forma "correcta" de ser madre. ; The aim is to discern the epistemological and social performance of two concepts linked to violence: "filicide" and "battered woman syndrome", using data of field research conducted in the Province of Neuquén (Argentina), literature scientific and its application in judicial decisions. If one accepts a location of women in social places disadvantages, crossed by interference institutional, political and social stereotypes, both concepts should not be considered as causal. The "battered woman syndrome" does not account for the phenomenon of filicide, although they may be associated. The "battered woman syndrome" leaves intact the prevailing stereotype of "good-bad mother". The filicide should be treated independently as the "patriarchal society" prohibits killing children, thus keeping one "right" way to be a "good" mother. ; Fil: Kalinsky, Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

En este trabajo se plantea el papel que se le otorga desde el derecho (penal) en sus instancias de decisión judicial así como de planificación políticas criminológicas al conocimiento antropológico referido a los factores sociales, políticos, culturales, institucionales e históricos en que se expresa el castigo que manda la ley frente a delitos comunes cometidos. Se trabaja, después de definirlo, con el concepto de "contexto de fragilidad cultural" en relación a la índole del conocimiento antropológico en las situaciones de violencia que desembocan en la comisión de un delito. Se expresan los pasos y dificultades metodológicas encontradas durante el trabajo de campo llevado adelante, desde la intervención policial hasta la libertad condicional, y de donde surge la base empírica que luego se contrasta con las hipótesis y el estado de la literatura científica al respecto. Se concluye en que el conocimiento antropológico sigue considerándose "auxiliar" o meramente "anecdótico" del derecho (penal) aunque de a poco se va introduciendo por los quiebres del sistema penal/ penitenciario. Por ahora, si se lo considera solo es para atenuar o agravar las penas cuando ellas son graduables. Las eventuales deficiencias metodológicas o conceptuales que suelen ser subrayadas no son impedimentos insalvables siempre y cuando se consideren performativos, en el sentido de poder adecuarse con fundamento a los diferentes contextos de investigación y aplicación. Son los muros políticos y el hermetismo institucional quienes se convierten en los límites de ese conocimiento. ; This article discusses the role of anthropological knowledge of the social, political, cultural, institutional and historical factors that is assigned by criminal law in the instances of judicial decision-making and in the planning of criminological policies. The concept is defined and then related to the category "cultural fragility context" to refer to the nature of anthropological knowledge in situations of violence that end up in crime. The steps and methodological shortcomings of the field work are presented, from the intervention of the police to probation, the empirical basis that is then contrasted with the hypotheses and the scientific bibliographical references on the topic. The conclusions reveal that anthropological knowledge is still considered "ancillary" or merely "anecdotal" for criminal law, though it is gradually being introduced to the penal/penitentiary system. Currently, if it is considered, it is only to attenuate or intensify the punishment, when it is gradable. The methodological or conceptual deficiencies that are sometimes highlighted do not constitute an impediment provided that they are considered as performative in the sense of becoming adaptable to different contexts of research and application. The political barriers and institutional inscrutability are the real limits of that knowledge. ; Fil: Kalinsky, Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Ciencias Antropológicas; Argentina

En este artículo se muestran las vinculaciones conceptuales que ha habido entre cultura, diversidad sociocultural y el papel asumido por la Antropología en diferentes momentos históricos de la disciplina. Se pone el acento en los vaivenes ideológicos que han mantenido en relación a la idea de "recuperación, marcándose en todos los casos una tajante separación entre el 'nosotros' y el 'otro-etnográfico'". Concluimos presentando cómo en el momento actual, la dislocación política y el estallido de discursos ha impulsado, entre otras cosas, una desconstrucción del concepto de "cultura", del lugar del antropólogo y de la propia "verdad". ; The conceptual connections that have existed between culture sociocultural diversity and the role taken up by Anthropology at different historical moments of the discipline are pointed out. The ideological fluctuations there have been regarding the idea of "recovery" are stressed; a sharp separation between "us" and the "ethnographic other" is observed in all cases. As a conclusion, it is shown how at the present time the political dislocation and the outbreak of discourses have impelled, among other things, a deconstruction of the anthropologist's role, of one's own "truth", and of the concept of "culture" ; Sociedad Argentina de Antropología

En este artículo se muestran las vinculaciones conceptuales que ha habido entre cultura, diversidad sociocultural y el papel asumido por la Antropología en diferentes momentos históricos de la disciplina. Se pone el acento en los vaivenes ideológicos que han mantenido en relación a la idea de "recuperación, marcándose en todos los casos una tajante separación entre el 'nosotros' y el 'otro-etnográfico'". Concluimos presentando cómo en el momento actual, la dislocación política y el estallido de discursos ha impulsado, entre otras cosas, una desconstrucción del concepto de "cultura", del lugar del antropólogo y de la propia "verdad". ; The conceptual connections that have existed between culture sociocultural diversity and the role taken up by Anthropology at different historical moments of the discipline are pointed out. The ideological fluctuations there have been regarding the idea of "recovery" are stressed; a sharp separation between "us" and the "ethnographic other" is observed in all cases. As a conclusion, it is shown how at the present time the political dislocation and the outbreak of discourses have impelled, among other things, a deconstruction of the anthropologist's role, of one's own "truth", and of the concept of "culture" ; Sociedad Argentina de Antropología