Suchergebnisse

This study examines the causal relationship between development and human security at the border. In Malaysia, among the main goals in implementing development policies include ensuring prosperity as well as human security of its citizens. However, the effectiveness of these policies, particularly in the context of border communities living in the interior, is largely unknown. Accordingly, research has conducted interviews and observations at the border area of Ba'kelalan, Sarawak, Malaysia, to assess (1) the impact of Malaysian development policies on the socioeconomic status and international cross-border dimension and (2) the extent to which developmental issues have posed a threat to the human security at the border. Research found that although Malaysian development policies have succeeded to bring various development programs in Ba'kelalan, it has inadequately addressed some developmental issues in this area. The reality of development inequality, lack of development in the agricultural sector, and the ambiguous status of lands are found to have threatened human security of the Lun Bawang in Ba'kelalan. If the goal is promoting people-centered security and responding to the core objective of human security to prioritize risk prevention and early intervention of the human security threat, understanding the reality experienced by the people on the ground and considering views from the bottom in the national policy decision and formulation in the future are crucial.

In the current international environment, greater emphasis is placed on regional and international responses to conflict. ASEAN is widely regarded as one of the most successful regional organisations in this area. This paper identifies the principles and instituntional mechanisms for conflict management in ASEAN, and examines the extent to which these have changed in the post-Cold War era. It argues that ASEAN may face increasing challenges to its policy of conflict avoidance, as more and more conflicts take place within ASEAN countries rather than between them. (Asian J Pol Sci/DÜI)

The First Panel The Historical and Political Backgrounds of the Conflicts in Northern Ireland, Sri Lanka, and Aceh Northern Ireland: Siobhan Ni Chulchain .................... 23 Sri Lanka: P. Ramasamy ............. 28 Aceh: Edward Aspinall ............................ 31 Discussion (Moderator: Withaya Sucharithanarugse) ........... 43 The Second Panel Violence, Mediation, and the Peace Negotiation Processes in Northern Ireland, Sri Lanka, and Aceh Northern Ireland: Christine Bell ... 51 Sri Lanka: Jehan Perara ....... 57 Discussion (Moderator: Danthong Breen, Co-moderator: Juanda) ... 62 The Third Panel The Peace Frameworks and Peace Accord: A Comparative Analysis of Northern Ireland, Sri Lanka, and Aceh Northern Ireland: Siobhan Ni Chulchain ............ . 73 Sri Lanka: Jehan Perara............................... ................ 79 Aceh: M . M . Billah ........................ 94 The Peace Discussions Framework and Peace Accord: Mark Tamthai .... 108 Discussion (Moderator: Chaiyan Rajchagool) ............... 111 The Fourth Panel The Role of Civil Society in Peace Building: Case Studies of Northern Ireland, Sri Lanka, and Aceh Northern Ireland: Christine Bell .................................................... 119 Sri Lanka: Freddy Gamage ................... 123 Aceh: Otto Syamsuddin Ishak ............... 126 Discussion (Moderator: Kevin McBride) .. 132 The Fifth Panel The Response and Role of Regional Government in Achieving a Sustainable Peace in AcehThe Response and Role of the US Government: Saiful Mahdi................ 141 Political Situation in Indonesia: Usman Hamid ...... 144 Discussion (Moderator: Sriprapha Petcharameesree) ....... 148 Film on Aceh: Anywhere but Fear ....... 152 The Sixth Panel Discussion on the Possible Strategies for Initiating the Peace Process Moderator: Kamarulzaman Askandar .................... 157