Suchergebnisse

Provides an overview of the data and methodology used to produce the series of harmonized country-level labour force participation rates and economically active population estimates presented in the 4th Edition Kex Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM) database. Covers trends from 1980 to 2005

Using definitions of working poverty established by Nomaan Majid for the 2001 World Employment Report and by Stefan Berger and Claire Harasty in an 2002 ILO Employment Paper, estimates the number of 1 and 2 working poor for the years 1980-2004. Gives GDP growth rates required to halve the share of working poor from their 1990 levels by 2015

This chapter focuses on the implications for inequality of recent ILO estimates of the labour income share and distribution. Using household surveys for 95 countries, mainly from the ILO Harmonized Microdata collection, we estimate the labour income of the self‐employed to produce an internationally comparable labour income share dataset. Furthermore, we use the same methodology to obtain the first‐ever estimates of the labour income distribution. The labour income distribution estimates complement the two main data sources used until now to study inequality: expenditure distribution and total income distribution. Crucially, labour income distribution data have a reasonable coverage for all country income groups, unlike other data sources that are characterized by undercoverage for either lower‐income countries (regarding data on total income) or higher‐income countries (regarding data on expenditure).The estimates show that the global labour income share declined substantially between 2004 and 2017. In high‐income countries, the decline in the labour share is driven largely by decreases in the average labour income of the self‐employed. This is consistent with a scenario in which new forms of work erode the earning power of the self‐employed. Focusing on income inequality, the use of the labour income distribution as a proxy for the total income distribution is found to be a more reliable proxy than the commonly used expenditure distribution data. Moreover, the estimates suggest that the use of expenditure as a proxy of income have led earlier studies to underestimate total income inequality severely in less developed countries. Hence, global income inequality is likely to be much higher than previously assumed.

The paper investigates the labor market and social impacts of the global financial and economic crisis in Asia and the Pacific as well as national policy responses to the crisis. It draws on recent macroeconomic, trade, production, investment, and remittances data to assess the employment and social consequences of the crisis, including falling demand for labor, rising vulnerable and informal employment, and falling incomes and their related pressures on the working poor. The paper provides some projections of the impact on unemployment, vulnerable employment, working poverty, and labor productivity in the region in 2009. It demonstrates that labor market recovery is likely to lag behind output growth, based on the experience of Asian labor markets following the 1997 Asian financial crisis. The paper underscores some policy options that are likely to have positive outcomes toward generating employment and boosting aggregate demand, improving social protection and welfare on the basis of decent work principles, and promoting a sound and sustainable economic and labor market recovery.

"An introduction to labor market indicator analysis and a guide for analyzing household survey data using the ADePT ILO (International Labor Organization) Labor Market Indicators Module. The analytical framework and approach taken up in this book are based on the ILO's Key Indicators of the Labor Market (KILM). KILM indicators provide a strong basis on which to address key questions related to productive employment and decent work."--Page [4] of cover