Suchergebnisse

This article provides a methodological study of the effectiveness and potential application of sociocultural analysis in the research of socio-political systems the functioning and the development.The author turns to the theoretical foundations of the sociocultural approach, examines its specificity and integrative nature, and also analyzes the problem of compatibility of the sociocultural approach with the structural functionalism methodology. It is shown that such "methodological union" does not form a contradiction in the study of socio-political systems. On the contrary, this integration allows to include in the focus of research the dynamic features of both institutional and noninstitutional aspects of social life, which helps to fully reveal the possible influences from the subjective grounds on the nature of the evolutionary development of socio-political systems. The use of the sociocultural approach is also being justified by author by the fact that here the subjective determinants of the functioning of socio-political systems are not limited to the framework of political culture, since the specificity of a particular system is also influenced by the civilizational characteristics of the state, the genetic foundations of national cultures, and religion.Also, the basic methodological principles of sociocultural analysis, which are most relevant for the study of various socio-political systems, are being stated and considered. Among them, special attention is paid to the principle of socio-cultural balance, indicating the permissible possibilities of evolution of each socio-political system and the need for a balance between cultural traditions and structural changes to ensure its sustainable development.

The article is devoted to the study of civilized lobbyism formation in contemporary Russia in the context of the political culture peculiarities. The author explains the use of the concept of "civilized lobbyism" from the standpoint of the presence of various interpretations of lobbying in political science, which prevents a clear separation of legitimate and illegitimate forms of interests' representation, while the object of research is primarily the legal technologies of influence on power. Political culture is regarded as one of the subjective factors determining the functioning of the mechanisms of interests' representation in the political system, as well as the specifics of lobbying activities in each particular state. The influence of political culture on the process of lobbying in Russia is analyzed not only at the level of political orientations and behavior of individuals and groups, but also at the level of institutional structures. To study the impact of the political culture on the formation of social practices of lobbying, the author refers to the institutional concept of D. North, in which the mechanism of functioning of social and political institutions is revealed through the correlation of formal and informal rules, norms, attitudes and behaviours. In the context of the development of the democratic representation of interests in contemporary Russia particular attention is given to the problem of preserving and dominating historically established authoritarian orientations in the relations of society and power, as well as the traditions of paternalism and clientellism. However, the author believes that it is not correct to reduce the influence from the political culture mostly to the national traditions. It is concluded that the fundamental condition for the development of civilized lobbying in present day Russia is the is the parallel formation of legal foundations and the corresponding matrix of political culture, both at the level of subjects of lobbying relations and at the level of interests' representation institutions.

This article is devoted to the history of the Department of Political Science and Sociology of Political Processes of the Faculty of Sociology at Lomonosov Moscow State University. The stages of the organization and formation of the Department, the processes of teaching formation and methodological activities, which have occurred over the thirty-year history of the Faculty of Sociology, are considered, and the priority areas of the professors research works are outlined.