Suchergebnisse

The concepts of 'green economy' and 'sustain¬able consumption and production' determine the direction of political and legal changes as the goals of the 2030 Agenda followed also by the European Union and its Member States.'Circular economy' as an element of those con¬cepts includes waste management and is a vital element of EU environmental policy. Turning waste into resources presents a multidimensional challenge. In the years 2015–2018, the European Commission conducted works on the changes in the community law on waste which will enable the enforcement of 'circular economy' goals. In May 2018, four directives which will significantly remodel the obligations of Member States in the scope of waste management were enacted. Also in 2018, the Commission announced new proposals, as well as law changes, emphasizing the problem of plastic waste.

Karolina Karpus, UNESCO's Man and the Biosphere Programme in the framework of Polish legislation – current and future challenges for nature protection and land use, p. 25-38, [in:] Jančářová, Ilona, Sustainable development and conflicts of interests in nature protection in Czechia, Poland and Slovakia. / Ilona Jančářová, Jana Dudová et al. ‐‐1st edition. ‐‐ Brno: Masaryk University, 2017, 313 s. – Publications of Masaryk University (Acta Universitatis Brunensis), theoretical series, edition Scientia, File No. 600. ISBN 978‐80‐210‐8815‐3 (brož.), 978‐80‐ 210‐8817‐7

Karpus, K. (2017). The 'ecosystem services' concept in environmental law. J. Agribus. Rural Dev., 4(46), 779–786 ; The purpose of this study is to introduce the 'ecosystem services' concept from the legal perspective, which so far has not attracted as much attention in the Polish scientific community as analyses focused on natural and economic aspects. The concept is strongly promoted as a part of biodiversity and water protection measures which are issues of key importance for the agriculture. This means the agriculture sector will be the first to be affected by legal loopholes in this area. The analysis includes a general attempt to identify the legal grounds for the term and concept of 'ecosystem services' as well as the assessment of the current state of the Polish legislator's works on this matter. At the same time, a confrontation of this concept's theoretical grounds with the underpinning values of environmental law (especially with the 'polluter pays' principle) allows to detail the part of this concept (positive externalities of ecosystem services and PES) which currently poses a real challenge for the Polish legislator and requires a redefinition of current directions for specifying the environmental rights and obligations.

Landscape as an element of the environment is the subject of legal protection. However, the Polish legislator had a number of problems defining the notion of 'landscape'. As a result, landscape was subject to dispersed, inconsistent and uncoordinated protection. The new Act of 24 April 2015 aimed to help the Polish legislator to provide more effective protection of that natural element, i.e. landscape. The aim of this work is to present the new legal situation. However, because of the enormous scope of new regulations, the analysis shows above all the changes introduced by the Act of 2004 on Nature Conservation, the Act of 2003 on Spatial Planning and Management, and the Act of 2003 on Monuments Protection and Maintenance. The analysis is preceded by a brief description of landscape protection in Poland in the period before the new legal regulations came into force. ; Krajobraz jako element środowiska stanowi przedmiot ochrony prawnej. Jednakże zdefiniowanie pojęcia "krajobrazu" sprawiało polskiemu ustawodawcy szereg trudności. Skutkowało to objęciem krajobrazu ochroną rozproszoną, niejednolitą, nieskoordynowaną we właściwym stopniu. Nowa ustawa z 24 kwietnia 2015 r. miała pomóc ustawodawcy polskiemu w zapewnieniu skuteczniejszej ochrony tego elementu przyrodniczego, jakim jest krajobraz. Celem opracowania jest omówienie nowego stanu prawnego, przy czym z uwagi na niezwykle szeroki zakres nowych przepisów, szczegółowej analizie poddane zostały przede wszystkim zmiany w wprowadzone w: ustawie z 2004 r. o ochronie przyrody, ustawie z 2003 r. o planowaniu i zagospodarowaniu przestrzennym oraz ustawie z 2003 r. o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami. Omówienie to poprzedzone zostało krótką charakterystyką ochrony krajobrazu w Polsce w okresie przed wejściem w życie nowych rozwiązań prawnych.

Landscape as an element of the environment is the subject of legal protection. However, the Polish legislator had a number of problems defining the notion of 'landscape'. As a result, landscape was subject to dispersed, inconsistent and uncoordinated protection. The new Act of 24 April 2015 aimed to help the Polish legislator to provide more effective protection of that natural element, i.e. landscape. The aim of this work is to present the new legal situation. However, because of the enormous scope of new regulations, the analysis shows above all the changes introduced by the Act of 2004 on Nature Conservation, the Act of 2003 on Spatial Planning and Management, and the Act of 2003 on Monuments Protection and Maintenance. The analysis is preceded by a brief description of landscape protection in Poland in the period before the new legal regulations came into force.

Landscape as an element of the environment is the subject of legal protection. However, the Polish legislator had a number of problems defining the notion of 'landscape'. As a result, landscape was subject to dispersed, inconsistent and uncoordinated protection. The new Act of 24 April 2015 aimed to help the Polish legislator to provide more effective protection of that natural element, i.e. landscape. The aim of this work is to present the new legal situation. However, because of the enormous scope of new regulations, the analysis shows above all the changes introduced by the Act of 2004 on Nature Conservation, the Act of 2003 on Spatial Planning and Management, and the Act of 2003 on Monuments Protection and Maintenance. The analysis is preceded by a brief description of landscape protection in Poland in the period before the new legal regulations came into force.

The aim of this paper is the description of changes in the Polish law on waste connected with the passing and the implementation of the new main act for this branch of law, i.e. the Act on Waste of 14 December 2012. By means of this Act the Polish law on waste is being amended to the requirements resulting from the Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives. The description of the new Polish Act on Waste was presented, on the one hand, by the indication of new solutions resulting from the Directive 2008/98. On the other hand, the changes in comparison with the former binding act, i.e. the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001, were presented.

The aim of this paper is the description of changes in the Polish law on waste connected with the passing and the implementation of the new main act for this branch of law, i.e. the Act on Waste of 14 December 2012. By means of this Act the Polish law on waste is being amended to the requirements resulting from the Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives.The description of the new Polish Act on Waste was presented, on the one hand, by the indication of new solutions resulting from the Directive 2008/98. On the other hand, the changes in comparison with the former binding act, i.e. the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001, were presented.

The aim of this paper is the description of changes in the Polish law on waste connected with the passing and the implementation of the new main act for this branch of law, i.e. the Act on Waste of 14 December 2012. By means of this Act the Polish law on waste is being amended to the requirements resulting from the Directive 2008/98/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 November 2008 on waste and repealing certain Directives.The description of the new Polish Act on Waste was presented, on the one hand, by the indication of new solutions resulting from the Directive 2008/98. On the other hand, the changes in comparison with the former binding act, i.e. the Act on Waste of 27 April 2001, were presented.