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The subject of the considerations undertaken in the article is the impact of the institution of EU citizenship on the status of migrant citizens. The aim of the study is to demonstrate that the introduction of the institution of EU citizenship into the treaties has definitely strengthened the status of an individual in EU law, and in a special way – in the host country. The inclusion of citizens' rights in the catalogue of fundamental rights has radically changed the way in which one of the citizens' rights – freedom of movement and residence in the territory of the host country – is exercised. A migrant citizen has been granted special protection in contexts where actions aimed at restricting the right of residence are taken. These conclusions will be confirmed in this article by analysis of the evolution of secondary legislation and the interpretation of the Court of Justice of the European Union.