Suchergebnisse

This article analyses Europeans' consumption of and participation in non-national cultural activities. These patterns serve as a measure of Europeans' affinity with cosmopolitan culture and aesthetic tastes that are associated with other countries. I use survey data recently collected by the Eurobarometer (2013) to analyse the profile of individuals in European countries who engage with another country's culture and to compare distributions between countries. Examples of indicators include reading books by an author from another country, going to a musical performance from another country, and attending a festival or exhibition from another country. I find low levels of cosmopolitan cultural consumption in the sample as a whole. There are significant differences between countries and among individuals in a specific country in the degree of engagement with another country's culture. I discuss the implications of the finding that cosmopolitan cultural consumption is not necessarily a very significant phenomenon for different social groups and what this means for the analysis of the link between cultural consumption and social inequality.

This article builds on Ajzen's theory of planned behavior and on Stern et al.'s value-belief-norm theory to propose and test a model that predicts proenvironmental behavior. In addition to relationships between beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors, we incorporate Inglehart's postmaterialist and Schwartz's harmony value dimensions as contextual antecedents at the national level. Structural equation modeling analyses of a 27-country sample provide almost full support for the mediation model. Postmaterialistic values, but not harmony, affect environmental concern; in turn, environmental concern, perceived threat, and perceived behavioral control affect willingness to sacrifice, which then affects a variety of proenvironmental behaviors. The findings emphasize the contribution of cultural conditions to the shaping of individuals'actions vis-à-vis environmental issues, alongside individual-level social-psychological variables.

Dans cet article, nous analysons différentes façons de conceptualiser les liens entre l'appartenance sexuelle, les loisirs et les goûts, et nous présentons une analyse longitudinale des différences selon le sexe qui sont apparues en Grande-Bretagne dans le temps consacré à diverses activités de loisir. Nous nous demandons si les hommes et les femmes ont les mêmes habitudes en matière de loisirs au cours des années et si nous pouvons repérer des changements dans la répartition relative de leurs activités de loisir. Nous analysons la théorie de Bourdieu sur la distinction ainsi que celle de Simmel sur les interactions en cascade afin de voir si ces théories peuvent contribuer à notre compréhension des différentes tendances selon le sexe au cours des années. Nous trouvons des tendances qui peuvent être décrites sous l'angle de la théorie des interactions en cascade de Simmel (par exemple la hausse de la participation des femmes aux activités sportives), des tendances qui confirment la théorie de Bourdieu sur la distinction (par exemple la participation des hommes dans le domaine des communications électroniques) et d'autres tendances qui ne correspondent à aucune de ces deux théories.

This article contributes to the literature on the association between class position and cultural tastes by analyzing a unique historical data set and asking whether there were significant class differences in the consumption of music in the 19th century. Archival data from a publisher in Milan are used to analyze the characteristics of customers who purchased sheet music between 1814 and 1823. To avoid contemporary depictions of cultural hierarchies (e.g. 'highbrow', 'lowbrow' and 'omnivorous' tastes), we offer a new method for considering both the quantitative and qualitative dimensions of music consumption. Considering both the aggregate level of music consumption and the evolution of individual patterns over time, we find little evidence that musical tastes were aligned with class position. This finding calls for more research on the origins of the strong link between social structure and cultural preferences in general, or between class position and musical tastes in particular, which we witness today.

We seek to understand how environmentalism is experienced, discussed and transmitted by South Korean families in the context of changing economic and environmental circumstances. Qualitative interviews with three-generation Korean families are used, in a country characterised in the past fifty years by rapid economic changes alongside continuation of traditional collectivistic social structures. We emphasise the family unit as an arena for the transmission of cultural dispositions, routines, habits and practices across generations. Relying on social practice theoretical framing, our findings suggest that in a mix of continuity and change, family routines are translated into complementing centripetal and centrifugal forces to encompass four themes: transmission processes, routinising of cultural habits, top-down intergenerational transmission with shifting motivations, and top-down intergenerational transmission with declining involvement. We discuss these findings in light of the theoretical heuristic of environmental habitus.