Suchergebnisse

Introduction : the formation of the tri-border region, 1918-1924 --. - Colonial mapping --. - Mapping the mandates --. - After independence --. - The United Nations : mapping, mediating, peacekeeping, 1949-2000 --. - Cartographic wars : the Israeli withdrawal from south Lebanon and beyond --. - The making of the tri-border region, 1924-1949 --. - During and between wars, 1949-1973 --. - Fatahland : how Lebanon became a frontier state --. - Whose water is this? : boundaries and hydropolitics --. - Crossing boundaries : the trans-Arabian pipeline and the Arab-Israeli conflict --. - A fabricated border quandary --. - The Shebaa farms, Hizbullah, and Lebanese sovereignty --. - Joha's nail? : Israel and the Shebaa farms --. - Resolving the dispute? : the United Nations in the tri-border region, 2000-2010

AbstractThis article analyzes spatial perceptions and practices of Druze citizens of Israel before, during, and after the Israeli occupation of South Lebanon in 1982−2000. It argues that the opening of the Israel–Lebanon border in 1982 and its closing in 2000 had three effects: it generated internal social, political, and cultural changes within the community in Israel; it changed the relationship of the Druze with the State of Israel; and it reestablished strong ties with their coreligionists in Lebanon and Syria. Drawing insight from the field of border studies, the article shows how Druze citizens of Israel live concomitantly in state and suprastate spatial scales, forming a third, integrated or hybrid, spatial scale. The article proposes using the concept "hybrid spatial scale" as a tool for studying communities such as the Druze that operate on multiple territorial scales.

AbstractThe Trans-Arabian Pipeline (Tapline), which extended from Dhahran in Saudi Arabia to Zahrani in Lebanon and operated from 1950 to 1982, was haunted by the Arab–Israeli conflict throughout the years of its operation. The route of the pipeline—which traversed Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon—was chosen so as to circumvent Palestine/Israel. However, following the Israeli occupation of the Golan Heights in the 1967 war, Israel became an active participant in this project, with the full consent of the transit states and Egypt. This article uses Tapline as a means to analyze the interconnected world facilitated by oil pipelines, which defies common wisdom about state sovereignty or the function of interstate boundaries. In addition, Tapline demonstrates how this interconnected network created possibilities for Arab–Israeli cooperation that might have seemed inconceivable initially, given the hostile dynamics of the conflict.

The thought-provoking roundtable on "theorizing violence" in the November 2013 issue ofIJMESpaid much attention to different manifestations of physical violence. This is the type of violence that as early as 1969 Johan Galtung, one of the founders of the field of peace studies, termed direct violence, distinguishing it from other forms of violence, to which I will refer below. Direct violence, Galtung noted, is related to "somaticincapacitation, or deprivation of health, alone (with killing as the extreme form), at the hands of anactorwhointendsthis to be the consequence." According to Galtung, direct violence is physically manifested, it is related to a discernible event, and it has to involve a perpetrator and a purpose.

This article follows the fate of the only seven Shi'i villages in Mandatory Palestine, beginning in the time of the border demarcation between Palestine and Lebanon (1919-1924) and concluding with Hizbullah's demand to retrieve their territories back to Lebanon (2000). The article examines
the relations of the villages with the Jewish Yishuv and with the Sunni population in Palestine during the British Mandate; their fate as Palestinian refugees in Lebanon; and their status in Lebanon after the 1994 naturalization law that granted them Lebanese citizenship. The story
of the seven villages is examined through three prisms: that of the villages themselves, of the Palestinians, and of the Lebanese. The different narratives enlighten themes such as the colonial legacy in the Middle East, border dynamics, identity formation, and internal Lebanese politics.