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"This book presents the potential of digital responses to pandemics including COVID-19. It explores new digital concepts for learning and teaching, provides an overview of organizational responses to the crisis through digital technologies, and examines digital solutions developed to manage the crisis"--

The primary objective of this paper is to design the framework for enhancing the emotional competence of preschool children by examining the perspective of parents' involvement with children staying at home. The paper also discusses (1) the concept of social-emotional competence and its importance for preschool children; (2) the concept of emotional competence, happiness, home learning, and sharing among children; and (3) the role of parents in promoting emotional competence in preschool children. The paper examined the impact of home learning, happiness, and sharing habits on the emotional competence of preschool children by using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) 2.0. The respondents included 358 randomly selected parents in two districts of Punjab state of India who have children aged 3 to 6 years. The results showed that happiness and home learning had a significant positive impact on the emotional competence of preschool children. However, sharing habits did not impact emotional competence to a significant extent in the current study.

Sense of calling is an emerging construct in the field of psychology and organizational behaviour. There are a lot of studies, which have been conducted in Western countries, but there are still many parts of the globe where not many studies have been conducted. One probable reason for the deficient research in other parts of the globe could be attributed to the wording of existing scales. There is a need to develop new tools for measuring calling, which are subject specific. Calling is connected to a particular career domain. Therefore, studying the construct in a particular career domain like teaching can facilitate the research on sense of calling. But teachers' sense of calling has received less research attention. This motivated us to develop a scale specifically for measuring teachers' sense of calling. The scale is a 10-item, three-dimensional scale. Finally, implications and limitations of the study with some suggestions for future research are discussed.

The concepts of sustainable development have experienced extraordinary success since their advent in the 1980s. They are now an integral part of the agenda of governments and corporations, and their goals have become central to the mission of research laboratories and universities worldwide. However, it remains unclear how far the field has progressed as a scientific discipline, especially given its ambitious agenda of integrating theory, applied science, and policy, making it relevant for development globally and generating a new interdisciplinary synthesis across fields. To address these questions, we assembled a corpus of scholarly publications in the field and analyzed its temporal evolution, geographic distribution, disciplinary composition, and collaboration structure. We show that sustainability science has been growing explosively since the late 1980s when foundational publications in the field increased its pull on new authors and intensified their interactions. The field has an unusual geographic footprint combining contributions and connecting through collaboration cities and nations at very different levels of development. Its decomposition into traditional disciplines reveals its emphasis on the management of human, social, and ecological systems seen primarily from an engineering and policy perspective. Finally, we show that the integration of these perspectives has created a new field only in recent years as judged by the emergence of a giant component of scientific collaboration. These developments demonstrate the existence of a growing scientific field of sustainability science as an unusual, inclusive and ubiquitous scientific practice and bode well for its continued impact and longevity.

International audience ; Simulations and wargames offer powerful representations to model the mechanics and psychology of military operations that are inherently complex. They offer mechanisms to predict and assess the effectiveness of the mission plans and operations in achieving the military objectives. In this paper, we present a new approach to design the games rules of wargames using fuzzy rule bases, for quantitatively evaluating the effectiveness of air tasking missions. We determine the comparative damage relative to intended damage for a target, taking into account the effects of operational characteristics to compute possibilistic damage to the target as opposed to the probability of damage to the target. The cookie-cutter method to compute the damage is modeled as a fuzzy variable. Effectiveness of the mission is obtained by comparing the damage to targets with the cost and significance of the target in meeting the mission objectives. Damage assessment computation to targets using fuzzy rule bases gave more realistic results when used in field training and deployment of the system.

COVID-19 is an ongoing pandemic, which has already claimed millions of lives worldwide. In the absence of prior information on the pandemic, the governments can use generated testing data to drive policy decisions. Thus, a one-stop repository is essential to ensure sharing of clean, de-duplicated, and updated records to all the stakeholders. In India, the government initiated the testing through a network of VRDLs headed by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). Initially, the generated data were captured and shared in Excel sheets. As the number of cases increased, there was a need for a data management system to ensure reliable and up-to-date data to drive policy decisions. Thus, the data management team at ICMR initiated the development of a national COVID-19 testing data management tool that is currently maintaining all the data in a central hub. The first version of the tool was released in March 2020 and was subsequently modified with the changing testing guidelines and strategies. On completing one and a half years of managing the data and collecting approximately 550 million records, the team analyzed the challenges faced and the strategies used to ensure a seamless flow of data to the system and its real-time analysis. In this study, the entire duration of the pandemic has been divided into four different phases based on the resourcefulness of the country. Since the pandemic is currently ongoing, this study can be useful for countries in a different phase of pandemic facing similar challenges.

BACKGROUND: National Mental Health Program (NMHP) was launched by the government with an aim to improve mental health of the society through precise and focused interventions and policies. In order to provide reliable data and evidence for NMHP, there is a strong requirement of a comprehensive system for integrative collection, storage, and analysis of data generated by this program. METHODS: Data collection tools, questionnaires, instruments, and scales provided by the National Coordinating Unit were digitized using the District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) framework (version 2.30). The rules for data validation and automated scoring were implemented as per the scales. The developed system (i-MANN, ICMR-Mental Health Assessment National Network) is based on modular architecture with role-based access to data input forms and dashboards. RESULTS: The data are stored on a centralized server at ICMR. i-MANN captures data on basic and advanced demographic details followed by category specific forms from 15 multicentric ICMR-funded projects. Data collection module is divided into 12 categories containing 93 scales/instruments with built-in validation rules, scoring patterns, and indicators. As of August 2020, the system contains 17,690 records. CONCLUSIONS: i-MANN is the first web-based, modular, robust, and extendable system for collection, integration, management, and analysis of data on mental health in India.