Suchergebnisse
Filter
14 Ergebnisse
Sortierung:
Population Increase Policy after the 1783 Great Famine in Northeastern Tokugawa Japon
In: Annales de démographie historique: ADH, Band 1996, Heft 1, S. 151-168
ISSN: 1776-2774
During the Tokugawa Period, northeastern Japan has been thought one of the poorest region in the country for the population had been decreasing for over 100 years as early as the 18th century. In particular, farmers had been severely affected by several famines, especially in 1783. I hâve reevaluated the social and economic situation after 1783 by investigating the details of the in-migration plan. The in-migration plan in the study area was not a kind of welfare policy to relieve farmers affected by the 1783 great famine, but evidence shows the beginning of a proto-industrialization. The demand for female labor to produce hemp cloths increased rapidly from the beginning of the 19th century. Women who were good at weaving were invited as brides.
Japan's evolving defence policy
In: Nato's sixteen nations: independent review of economic, political and military power, Band 34, Heft 2, S. 21-27
ISSN: 0169-1821
World Affairs Online
NATURE AND CAUSES OF CONTEMPORARY INFLATION
In: The developing economies: the journal of the Institute of Developing Economies, Tokyo, Japan, Band 10, Heft 4, S. 410-430
ISSN: 1746-1049
"OVER‐LOAN" AND THE INVESTMENT BEHAVIOR OF FIRMS
In: The developing economies: the journal of the Institute of Developing Economies, Tokyo, Japan, Band 8, Heft 2, S. 386-406
ISSN: 1746-1049
THE "DUAL STRUCTURE' OF FINANCE IN POST‐WAR JAPAN
In: The developing economies: the journal of the Institute of Developing Economies, Tokyo, Japan, Band 5, Heft 2, S. 301-311
ISSN: 1746-1049
The "high growth rate' of the Japanese economy after World War II was accelerated by financial concentration, and thus it has been necessary to impose strong credit rationing continuously on the medium and smaller enterprises. From this emerged a "dual structure' of finance. It is the aim of this paper to divide this "dual structure' into the two aspects, the "dual structure of borrowers' and the "dual structure of lenders,' to explain how these structures came into existence, and, at the same time, to attempt some theoretical analysis regarding the meaning of "credit rationing' in these contexts.
The "dual structure" of finance in post-war Japan
In: The developing economies, Band 5, S. 301-328
ISSN: 0012-1533
The expansion coefficient and the supply curve of commercial bank's credit
In: Zeitschrift für Nationalökonomie: Journal of economics, Band 24, Heft 4, S. 385-402
ISSN: 2304-8360
A history of economic thought in Japan: 1600-1945
In: SOAS studies in modern and contemporary Japan
"This ground-breaking book provides the first English-language survey of economic thought in modern Japan. Significantly, it offers both a detailed study of economic thought from 1600 to 1945 and a nuanced analysis of Western and Asian perspectives on the field of Japanese economic history. Expertly translated from Japanese and written by leading scholars in the field, this exciting study includes: * A novel approach to economic thought which contextualizes the core values of thinkers across the period * A comparative analysis of Japanese economic history which looks at the continuities across the Meiji divide * The extensive use of archival sources, many of which were previously unavailable in English A History of Economic Thought in Japan, 1600 - 1945 serves as a case study of how Western economic ideas spread to non-Western regions and interacted with indigenous ideas. It will therefore be of immense value to both scholars of economic thought and those seeking a deeper understanding of the moral, intellectual, and societal forces that shaped modern Japan."
The use actual conditions and multiplier effects of Park-and-Ride where is next to the station with library.: The case study of Ecchu-Funabashi station in Toyama Prefecture. : The case study of Ecchu-Funabashi station in Toyama Prefecture
In: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Band 40.3, Heft 0, S. 367-372
ISSN: 2185-0593
A Study on the Features of all of Intensive Development Districts Approved by the Law for Development of Comprehensive Resort Areas
In: Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, Band 29, Heft 0, S. 349-354
ISSN: 2185-0593
Diffuse Optical Tomography Using fNIRS Signals Measured from the Skull Surface of the Macaque Monkey
In: Cerebral Cortex Communications, Band 3, Heft 1
ISSN: 2632-7376
Abstract
Diffuse optical tomography (DOT), as a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technique, can estimate three-dimensional (3D) images of the functional hemodynamic response in brain volume from measured optical signals. In this study, we applied DOT algorithms to the fNIRS data recorded from the surface of macaque monkeys' skulls when the animals performed food retrieval tasks using either the left- or right-hand under head-free conditions. The hemodynamic response images, reconstructed by DOT with a high sampling rate and fine voxel size, demonstrated significant activations at the upper limb regions of the primary motor area in the central sulcus and premotor, and parietal areas contralateral to the hands used in the tasks. The results were also reliable in terms of consistency across different recording dates. Time-series analyses of each brain area revealed preceding activity of premotor area to primary motor area consistent with previous physiological studies. Therefore, the fNIRS–DOT protocol demonstrated in this study provides reliable 3D functional brain images over a period of days under head-free conditions for region-of-interest–based time-series analysis.
A complementary approach for genetic diagnosis of inborn errors of immunity using proteogenomic analysis
In: PNAS nexus, Band 2, Heft 4
ISSN: 2752-6542
Abstract
Advances in next-generation sequencing technology have identified many genes responsible for inborn errors of immunity (IEI). However, there is still room for improvement in the efficiency of genetic diagnosis. Recently, RNA sequencing and proteomics using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) have gained attention, but only some studies have integrated these analyses in IEI. Moreover, previous proteomic studies for PBMCs have achieved limited coverage (approximately 3000 proteins). More comprehensive data are needed to gain valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying IEI. Here, we propose a state-of-the-art method for diagnosing IEI using PBMCs proteomics integrated with targeted RNA sequencing (T-RNA-seq), providing unique insights into the pathogenesis of IEI. This study analyzed 70 IEI patients whose genetic etiology had not been identified by genetic analysis. In-depth proteomics identified 6498 proteins, which covered 63% of 527 genes identified in T-RNA-seq, allowing us to examine the molecular cause of IEI and immune cell defects. This integrated analysis identified the disease-causing genes in four cases undiagnosed in previous genetic studies. Three of them could be diagnosed by T-RNA-seq, while the other could only be diagnosed by proteomics. Moreover, this integrated analysis showed high protein–mRNA correlations in B- and T-cell-specific genes, and their expression profiles identified patients with immune cell dysfunction. These results indicate that integrated analysis improves the efficiency of genetic diagnosis and provides a deep understanding of the immune cell dysfunction underlying the etiology of IEI. Our novel approach demonstrates the complementary role of proteogenomic analysis in the genetic diagnosis and characterization of IEI.