Suchergebnisse

ABSTRACT Japan's unwillingness to acknowledge their military's involvement in the implementation of the comfort women system during the World War II has dealt a negative impact upon their foreign relations, especially with South Korea. This research aims to discover how Japan used the 2015 comfort women agreement as an instrument to achieve its security interests using namely two concepts; Japan's Security Interests in its Grand Strategy and Diplomacy in Statecraft. Within the process of this research it is discovered that Japan has a security interest in tackling the North Korea and Chinese threat in the Asia Pacific region. Japan used the 2015 Comfort women Agreement as an instrument to achieve its security interests by restoring its diplomatic relations with South Korea and tightening its alliance with the United States in order to face the two threats to their national security. Keywords:Comfort women Agreement, Japan, Security Interests, Japan's Grand Strategy, Diplomacy in Statecraft

ABSTRACT Russia's involvement in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict has its own implications especially with its capacity as a mediator of conflict. Mediation efforts continue to be carried out by Russia both independently and collectively within the OSCE Minsk Group framework. On the contrary, Russia's role as a mediator failed to bring a peace agreement and the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict escalated. This situation raises the assumption that Russia acts as a mediator solely not to achieve conflict resolution but to fulfill its interests in the region. Based on the above idea, the emergence of this research is to analyze Russia's foreign policy determinants as mediator in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, especially in the period 2012 - 2016. This research is a qualitative-descriptive study using the concept of mediators, national interest and determinants of foreign policy as instruments of analysis. Keywords : Russia, Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict, National Interest, Mediator

ABSTRACT This research aims to analyzeGerman's national interests in Kalimantan Forest by FORCLIME in 2010-2016. Germany as an Annex I country has an obligation to reduce emissions resulting from its industrial activities. REDD+ mechanism allows Germany to reduce its emissions by cooperating with other countries and also maintaining its economic stability resulting from domestic industrial activities. In 2009, Germany reached an agreement with Indonesia of REDD+ implementation by FORCLIME in Kalimantan Forest, which had the highest deforestation rate compared to other forests in Indonesia. FORCLIME has an impact on changing the policies of forest management in Kalimantan. The Regional Government of Kalimantan no longer has full authority over forest management after the establishment of a Forest Management Unit (KPH). Keywords:REDD+, FORCLIME, Germany's interests in Kalimantan Forest

ABSTRACT The current concern for a pandemic arises from an unprecedented outbreak of H5N1 influenza in birds and has spread across bird populations in Asia, Europe, and Africa. Given the rapid speed of transmission and the universal susceptibility of human populations, an outbreak of pandemic influenza anywhere poses a risk to populations everywhere. Indonesia suffers major loss due to high prevalence of the virus across the nation. The government undertakes several significant steps to address the issue, yet the numbers of infections are climbing up. The United States Agency of International Development builds upon a series of recent actions such as foreign aid, to eliminate negative implications on global scale as part of international respond toward transnational diseases outbreak. Through CBAIC, the agency collaborates with health authorities in Indonesia to prevent the pandemic of H5N1 virus, builds the capacity of the Indonesian government for pandemic response and reduce the occurrence of AI in poultry and humans. Keywords: transnational disease, avian influenza, foreign aid, USAID

This study aims to explain and describe how music has become a tool of South Korea's diplomacy with North Korea in 2015 to 2020. South Korea often uses its music, especially KPop, as a diplomatic tool to other countries. Likewise in diplomacy with North Korea, the South Korean government uses its music in various types. For example, music playback at the DMZ, joint concerts with North Korea, and annual concerts held. To see music diplomacy activities that are often associated with soft power, the author uses soft power currencies to try to explain whether the activities carried out by the South Korean government it is a soft power or not. The results found were that two of the activities discussed can be considered as soft power, namely joint concerts and regular concerts. Meanwhile, music playback in the DMZ area is not considered soft power. Keyword: South Korea, North Korea, Music Diplomacy, Soft Power Currencies

Representation of Indonesian Public Diplomacy Through Cultural Exchange as a Means of Cultural Cooperation in South Korea This research aims to describes how cultural exchange program as part of Indonesian public diplomacy to introduce Indonesian culture in South Korea by using qualitative method. Researcher uses two main concepts, which are bilateral cooperation and public diplomacy in order to answer the application of cultural exchange as part of public diplomacy instrument for Indonesian culture cooperation in South Korea. This research perceives that cultural exchange program can be used as cooperative relations between two countries through the public diplomacy which can be implented by the government and by the non-government actors. Keywords: Cultural Exchange, Bilateral Cooperation, Public Diplomacy

This research aims to describe the purpose of United States regarding the provision of military assistance to Ukraine in Russia-Ukraine conflict that expanded and escalated in 2014. The Researcher uses a qualitative method and state level of analysis with the concept of containment strategy and foreign military assistance to analyze the issue. Furthermore, the Researcher found an answer that United States's purpose in providing military assistance (non-lethal aid) was to dam up Russia's power and its influence to Ukraine in politic-military and geocultural sphere, which has a strategic position as a corridor in entering Eurasian region with various potentials in it. The form of support provided along 2014-2016 is military equipment or weapons, military training, and military advisors. Military strength in this case is an appropriate instrument in containing Russia's influence, based on the view of military power needed by United States to defend its purposes in support Ukraine. Keywords: Russia-Ukraine conflict, US purpose, foreign military aid, military assistance, containment strategy

ABSTRACT Following the enlargement process inlate 1990 decade, diversity in ASEAN increased. ASEAN also divided into old and new members which then evoke a development gap between ASEAN-6 and CLMV. This gap is both an obstacle and a challenge for ASEAN to achieve a common goal as a regional organization. The IAI was initiated as an effort to address these challenges with the ASEAN-6 framework helping CLMV. This research analyzes how ASEAN's efforts as a regional organization in increasing the economy capacity of CLMV countries. This research used qualitative methods with secondary data sources. Then the secondary data were analyzed with the concept of functional regional organization and functionalism. The results of this research show that the IAI framework spreads the benefits or spillover effects of functionalism that affect various sectors in the CLMV countries, thus moving the economies of the four countries to narrow the development gap in ASEAN. Keywords: ASEAN, Initiative for ASEAN Integration (IAI), ASEAN-6, CLMV

ABSTRACT East Nusa Tenggara is a Food Insecurity Province in Indonesia in 2000-2005 and that's make that issue is important in that country. World Food Program (WFP) is an International Organization Agency that provides food assistance when the issue of Food Security in Indonesia occurs. WFP collaborates with the Indonesian government to build programs to create appropriate food security conditions in vulnerable areas such as East Nusa Tenggara. WFP plays a full role in its assistance to national and regional governments which the government believes can be a solution to solve these food problems. This study focused on explanation of the role of international organizations such as WFP in helping Indonesia solve food security issues in one of the provinces in Indonesia, namely NTT, and purpose of this study also present a descriptive analysis of roles and functions of international organizations in helping countries face national food security issues. Keywords : World Food Programme, Food Security, Internasional Organization, East Nusa Tenggara

ABSTRACT This research aimed to describe United States' strategic alliance towards Japan. As China's economic has rapidly grown, its military capability has also increased. United States saw this phenomenon as a threat and also an opportunity. United States then announced the rebalancing policy as a response to the rise of China. Rebalancing strategy provided United States to do certain approaches to Asia Pacific countries. Those approaches were aimed to United States' partners and also China. Japan has been one of the United States' strategic partners in Asia Pacific. The military relations between United States and Japan are based on the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty. Japan is also one of the United States' partner that has issues involving China. United States' military protection of Japan is essential regarding to Japan's territorial dispute with China. United States implemented rebalancing policy to Japan through military and economy aspects. Keywords: Rebalancing strategy, United States, Japan, rise of China

ABSTRAK This research explained Timor Leste's strategy on hoisting Batek Island ownership issue which is used to gain advantages in negotiation of southern sea border, which is Block Greaater Sunrsie. Qualitative method was used as a means to collect secondary data through the documentation and literature study. Aftewards, all of the secondary data was analysed by using foreign policy theory, concept of national interest and also concept of power to explain the reson behind Timor Leste's hoisting the ownership issue of Batek Island issue based on intentions to gain one of natural source of power, which is natural resources. By getting that power sources, that's closely related to the national interest of Timor Leste, that is to pursuit their state survival. That source of power is the means for Timor Leste to achieve of one its national interests, that is state survival. which is closely related to the national interest of Timor Leste, is one of the main Keywords: national interest, state survival, border dispute, power

This study aims to analyze the rationalization behind the decision to implement an indirect approach in dealing with the problem of terrorism in the Philippines by the United States. The policy, which was later referred to as Operation Enduring Freedom, is an operation to deal with the threat of terrorism by the Abu Sayyaf Group which is connected to the global terror network after the 911 attack which was carried out with an indirect approach through military-civilian operations, economic assistance, educational assistance, health assistance, and infrastructure assistance to hinder the operations of the Abu Sayyaf Group. This study uses an explanatory qualitative method with data collected through literature study. The conceptual framework used in this research is the concept of rational actor. The results of this study are an overview of the process of rationalizing the steps taken by the United States. Keywords: United States, Philippines, Operation Enduring Freedom, Rational Actor Model

ABSTRACT This research aims to explain how Australian defense diplomacy in the form of defense and military cooperation with the Government of Myanmar in the midst of human rights violations against the Rohingya Ethnic in 2018. Australia's defense and military cooperation aims to gain access to enter and communicate with the Government of Myanmar and provide advice in overcoming Rohingya Ethnic issues. The cooperation will take the form of humanitarian assistance, disaster relief and peace operations training or joint training. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The conceptual framework used is Defense Diplomacy. The conceptual framework used is Defense Diplomacy. Keywords: Australia, Myanmar, Defense Diplomacy

ABSTRACT The Chagos Archipelago is one of the British territories in the Indian Ocean and play a role in safeguarding the security interests of Britain in the region. The British government in safeguarding its security interests in the Chagos Islands has designated the archipelago as a no-take Marine Protected Area (MPA). This was done to safeguard the security interests of a joint military bases between Britain and the United States. The military base is located on one of the islands in the Chagos Islands named Diego Garcia. Britain's decision to establish the Chagos Archipelago as a no-take MPA was taken after protests from indigenous people of the Chagos Islands and Mauritius who wanted to return to their territory. This study analyzes the security interests of British in protecting its military bases by implementing environmental policies. The Theoritical Framework used in this study is National Security and Military-Environmentalism. Keywords: Marine Protected Area, military base, national security, military environmentalism

ABSTRACT The emergence of new silk road economic belt can be analyzed by international relations study. This study attempted to analyze China's interests towards Central Asia in the path of the new silk road economic belt. This research using two concept, namely: first, the concept of China's grand strategy by Simon Norton explaing that economic belt's principle is neighborhood policy. Second, the national interest concept by Nuchterlein. Both of concepts help to map China's national interests to Central Asia in new silk road economic belt. The national interests to be achieved by China are: Trade interest, energy security interest, interest to maintain of Xinjiang Province, and the interests of spreading influence and increasing power. There are also many obstacles in the implementation of economic belt, such as: political instability of the partner country, racial and religious differences, three evil-force issues and regional boundary disputes from the countries in the Central Asia region. Keywords: Economic Belt, China, Xinjiang, China's Grand strategy, National Interest, Central Asia