Suchergebnisse

The article presents a study of the theoretical and legal foundations of the legal support of cybersecurity of the critical information infrastructure of Ukraine based on the system approach methodology. The current legislation is considered, and the bylaws of Ukraine in the field of cybersecurity of critical information infrastructure are analyzed. It is noted that today in Ukraine, it is important to ensure effective management of regional information security systems and the smooth and efficient operation of information infrastructure, especially critical infrastructure. To achieve these results in practice, it is necessary to prioritize implementing such critical tasks as the development of human resources in cybersecurity and the development of the national field of information technology. It is substantiated that cybersecurity is required to improve legal, organizational, and technical mechanisms for regulating public relations that arise in the information sphere. It is concluded that cybersecurity of critical information infrastructure of Ukraine is possible by identifying objects of this structure, solving problems of cybersecurity of objects with a very long life cycle, developing methods of modernization of critical information infrastructure for each organization, technology and information structure, which are the objects of critical information infrastructure. ; У статті на основі методології системного підходу представлено дослідження теоретико-правових засад правового забезпечення кібербезпеки критичної інформаційної інфраструктури України. Розглянуто чинне законодавство та проаналізовано підзаконні нормативно-правові акти України у галузі кібербезпеки критичної інформаційної інфраструктури. Зазначено, що сьогодні в Україні важливо забезпечити ефективне управління регіональними системами захисту інформації, а також безперебійне і ефективне функціонування об'єктів інформаційної інфраструктури, особливо – критичної інфраструктури. Для того, щоб домогтися цих результатів на практиці, необхідно на перший план поставити реалізацію таких основних завдань, як розвиток кадрового потенціалу в галузі забезпечення кібербезпеки і розвиток національної галузі інформаційних технологій. Обґрунтовано, що проблема забезпечення кібербезпеки вимагає вдосконалення правових, організаційних і технічних механізмів регулювання суспільних відносин, що виникають в інформаційній сфері. Зроблено висновок про те, що забезпечення кібербезпеки критичної інформаційної інфраструктури України можливе шляхом: визначення об'єктів даної структури, вирішення проблем кібербезпеки об'єктів з дуже довгим життєвим циклом, розробки методики модернізації критичної інформаційної інфраструктури для кожної організації, технології та інформаційної структури, які є об'єктами критичної інформаційної інфраструктури.

The article is devoted to the study of guarantees as an element of the legal status of a judge. The article considers the effectiveness of justice by the judiciary as an independent branch of state power, which is entrusted with the function of protecting the rights and legitimate interests of persons in the state. It is argued that the right to judicial protection can be properly realized only if there is an effective mechanism of judicial protection, which becomes real if there are guarantees for the activity of a judge. The independence and independence of the judiciary is due to the constitutional principle of separation of powers, proclaimed in the Constitution of Ukraine. However, it is in democracies that this principle acquires special significance, because we are talking about legally enshrined guarantees and effective mechanisms of «containment and balances» in the organization and activities of various branches of government. Each of the branches of government – legislative, executive and judicial, independently performs only its inherent functions, not obeying each other. Decisions are made by the judiciary due to their independence, because no additional approval by the bodies of other branches of government is required. The most important prerequisite for this is the protection of the judiciary from unlawful influence or interference from other actors. Only an independent judiciary can become the guarantor of the rule of law, the implementation of effective and accessible justice and a fair judicial decision of cases in the state. The guarantees of the judge's activity in the administration of justice are divided into three groups: guarantees of the procedural activity of the judge as the bearer of judicial power, the subject of the process; organizational and legal guarantees for the activity of a judge as a person holding a public office and is a member of the judicial community; social and legal guarantees of a judge as a citizen with a special legal status, limited in civil rights by legislation on the status of judges and occupying a separate position in society.

The article reveals the peculiarities of the observance and implementation of the principle of the rule of law in the judicial practice of Ukraine. It was established that the implementation of the rule of law is regulated by the Resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of Ukraine «On a Court Decision in a Civil Case», the Law of Ukraine «On the Judiciary and the Status of Judges» and the Constitution of Ukraine. It has been established that the principle of the rule of law is one of the main principles of a democratic society. It has been established that the problem of observance of the principle of the rule of law in the judicial practice of Ukraine is of a complex nature, and it can be solved only through the implementation of a comprehensive judicial and legal reform. It has been established that in the context of observing the rule of law in Ukraine, the experience of the European Court of Human Rights should be implemented. It has been established that the implementation of the principle of the rule of law occurs through the implementation of the principle of legal certainty, the principle of juridical certainty, the principle of justice, the principle of equality, the principle of clarity and unambiguity of the legal norm, the principle of proportionality, the principle of predictability. It has been proven that in the context of the administration of justice, the court must comply with the principle of the rule of law, as well as ensure the right of everyone to a fair trial, to ensure respect for everyone, as well as other rights and freedoms defined by legislative and regulatory documents. It has been established that one of the main principles for the implementation of the principle of the rule of law is the implementation of changes in legislation in order to establish an appropriate transitional period (that is, a reasonable period between the date of the official promulgation of the law and the date of entry into force of the law). It was determined that the implementation of the principle of the rule of law indicates the limited nature of public authorities in actions, primarily those regulated by law, and the main goal of the principle of the rule of law is to limit state power over everyone, as a result of which the rights of everyone should be properly ensured against arbitrary (and at the same time inappropriate) interference of the state or public authorities, in particular, in the relevant spheres of life of everyone. It is noted that the prospects for further research in this direction are the study of the legal foundations of other principles that guide the activities of the judicial authorities of Ukraine.