Suchergebnisse

Das Konzept der globalen Zivilgesellschaft im Rahmen der Antiglobalisierungsbewegung wird vorgestellt und anhand von empirischen Beispielen illustriert. Der Begriff des "Turbokapitalismus" wird entwickelt und in den historischen Kontext der Entwicklung von Wohlfahrtsstaaten gestellt. Das System des Turbokapitalismus zeichnet sich durch vertiefte globale Integration aus: Das Ergebnis ist eine noch nicht vollständig globalisierte Weltwirtschaft, die durch starke Disparitäten gekennzeichnet ist. Es wird die Frage aufgeworfen, inwieweit globale Marktkräfte mit teilweise zerstörerischen Wirkungen als Elemente einer zukünftigen Zivilgesellschaft angesehen werden können. Die Unternehmenskultur und die sozialen Folgen des Handelns turbokapitalistischer Unternehmen werden diskutiert. (GB)

The history, conception, & uses of the term public sphere are explored. A recounting of initial & subsequent political usage draws on statements by Kane, Tonnies, Habermas, Garnham, & Arendt. There is consideration of conflicts between populist & market-driven motivations for control of public information. A survey of the early 20th-century rise of public service broadcasting is followed by details of its weakening. Investigation of causes for the ongoing crisis in public service media links public sphere theory with major factors, including financial instability, questions of legitimacy, & technological evolution. A tracing of changes in the nature of populist space & discourse includes examination of micro-, meso-, & macropublic spheres. Acceptance of the complexities attending public spheres discussion calls for ongoing assessment of volatile issues including pluralism, political geography, distinctions between public & private zones, transience, & the need for a shift in definitions to include cultural phenomena such as talk shows & video games. 34 References. M. C. Leary

Reasons for the lack of political theory on the causes, effects, & ethical-political implications of the violence that has haunted this century are explored. The silence of male scholars on this topic is inexcusable. It is surmised that political theorists relegate violence to the domain of psychology, find it politically unacceptable to write about (except in the extreme), accept its inevitability, or believe that it should be hidden so as not to provoke more violence. M. Pflum

In "Politically Correct Anti-Nationalism" (see abstract in this section of SA 43:5), Salvador Cardus & Joan Estruch have carelessly conflated the concepts of national & nationalism. Any struggle for national self-determination is colored by the dogma of nationalism, which differs from the concept of nation. Nations are abstract communities bound together by culture, language, historical memories, & an affection for a given ecosystem. National identity can be shared with others. On the other hand, nationalism always has exclusionary effects because its goal is to demarcate territory clearly in a mode of separatism & xenophobia. Nationalists insist on a privileged status, if not a monopoly of power, & thus, it is not surprising that cultural discrimination, physical harassment, & even mass expulsion & genocide follow. Plurality of non-national forms of life are suppressed, which is incompatible with the modern democratic project. Adapted from the source document.

Examines the antidemocratic consequences & theoretical coherence of the eighteenth-century doctrine of national self-determination, focusing on the political context of Europe. The doctrine's claim that each nation is entitled to a territorially defined state is discussed, & it is argued that the struggle for national self-determination is always susceptible to nationalism, whose expansion & antidemocratic effects are, paradoxically, supported by democratic freedoms. Since democratic mechanisms facilitate the transformation of national identity into nationalism, democracy should eschew the doctrine of national self-determination & accept national identity as a legitimate form of cultural life. Contemporary trends opposed to the principle of national self-determination are discussed, & reflections on a postnational Europe are offered. 1 Photograph. Adapted from the source document.