Suchergebnisse

Part I. General Issues -- Chapter 1. The socio-cognitive approach as a theoretical framework -- Chapter 2. The paradox of communication: A socio-cognitive approach to pragmatics -- Chapter 3. Intercultural communication and our understanding of language -- Chapter 4. Impoverished pragmatics? The semantics-pragmatics interface from an intercultural perspective -- Part II. Pragmatic competence and linguistic creativity -- Chapter 5. How does pragmatic competence develop in bilinguals? -- Chapter 6. Linguistic creativity in English as a Lingua Franca -- Chapter 7. Why do we say what we say the way we say it? -- Part III. Context and Salience -- Chapter 8. Dueling contexts: A dynamic model of meaning -- Chapter 9. Context-sensitivity in intercultural impoliteness -- Chapter 10. The role of context in English as a Lingua Franca -- Chapter 11. The interplay of recipient design and salience in shaping speaker's utterance -- Part IV. Common Ground and Background Knowledge -- Chapter 12. Activating, seeking and creating common ground: A socio-cognitive approach -- Chapter 13. On the dynamic relations between common ground and presupposition -- Chapter 14. The interplay of linguistic, conceptual and encyclopedic knowledge in meaning production and comprehension -- Chapter 15. Processing implicatures in English as a Lingua Franca communication -- Chapter 16. Formulaic language and its place in intercultural pragmatics. .

AbstractThere has been a great deal of research on impoliteness focusing on one particular language or cross-cultural differences between languages (e.g. Bousfield 2008; Bousfield and Locher 2008; Culpeper 2005, 2009; Haugh 2007, 2011; Kienpointner 1997). However, much less attention has been paid to impoliteness in intercultural communication in which all or some speakers communicate in a language other than their native tongue.On the basis of research on L1s and cross-cultural analysis of impoliteness, most of the researchers (e.g. Culpeper 2005, 2009, Haugh 2011; Watts 2003) in the field seem to agree that no act is inherently impolite, and that such an interpretation depends on the context or speech situation that affects interpretation (see Culpeper 2009). The paper will examine this context-dependency in intercultural communication where interlocutors cannot always rely on much existing common ground, shared knowledge and conventionalized context but need to co-construct most of those in the communicative process. It will be argued that limited shared knowledge and common ground may restrict the interpretation process to the propositional content of utterances, which may result in an increase in the actual situational context-creating power of utterances. Recent research (e.g. Abel 2003; Bortfeld 2002, 2003; Cieślicka 2004, 2006; House 2002, 2003; Kecskes 2007) demonstrated that in intercultural communication the most salient interpretation for non-native speakers is usually the propositional meaning of an utterance. So interpretation generally depends on what the utterance says rather than on what it actually communicates. As a consequence of their taking propositional meaning for the actual meaning of an utterance, interlocutors are sometimes unaware of impoliteness conveyed implicitly or through paralinguistic means.

This collection of papers embodies the dynamism and diversity of the field of pragmatics. Its authors represent ten different countries and exemplify research across all aspects of pragmatics, along with the interrelations between pragmatics proper and such neighboring disciplines as cognitive psychology, philosophy of language, sociolinguistics, bilingualism, and communication. Recent theoretical and empirical advances in these fields has motivated scholars to reexamine and revise some of the central tenets of pragmatics, and it is this reexamination which lies at the heart of the papers in this volume.