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This book situates the essential areas of psychology within a cultural perspective, exploring the relationship of culture to psychological phenomena, from introduction and research foundations to clinical and social principles and applications. Includes contributions from an experienced, international team of researchers and teachers Brings together new perspectives and research findings with established psychological principles Organized around key issues of contemporary cross-cultural psychology, including ethnocentrism, diversity, gender and sexuality and their role in research methods Argu

This article discusses the principle of normalization, which is being more and more widely used. Its implications for the means and ends of instructing the severely handicapped are examined.

Intellectual Disability: Ethics, Dehumanization, and a New Moral Community presents an interdisciplinary exploration of the roots and evolution of the dehumanization of people with intellectual disabilities. Examines the roots of disability ethics from a psychological, philosophical, and educational perspective Presents a coherent, sustained moral perspective in examining the historical dehumanization of people with diminished cognitive abilities Includes a series of narratives and case descriptions to illustrate arguments Reveals the importance of an interdisciplinary understanding of the social construction of intellectual disability.

"Intellectual Disability: Ethics, Dehumanization, and a New Moral Community presents an interdisciplinary exploration of the roots and evolution of the dehumanization of people with intellectual disabilities. This book: Examines the roots of disability ethics from a psychological, philosophical, and educational perspective ; Presents a coherent, sustained moral perspective in examining the historical dehumanization of people with diminished cognitive abilities ; Includes a series of narratives and case descriptions to illustrate arguments ; Reveals the importance of an interdisciplinary understanding of the social construction of intellectual disability."--Publisher's website.

Increasingly, persons with complex disabilities are served in community settings, and institutionalization is less often a treatment of choice. However, relatively little work has been reported comparing the community and institution in terms of individual data. This study was conducted in order to compare changes in level of mental retardation among persons served in a community-based service system and institutionalized persons from the same geographic region. Comparisons were made at all levels of mental retardation and of cohort groups matched on age, sex, ambulation, and initial level of retardation. In general, persons in the community were more likely to increase their functioning level, while those at the institution were found to decrease at a higher rate. Particularly noteworthy differences were found within the severely retarded group. The impact of community interaction and stimulation is discussed, and implications for service providers are suggested.

The Quality of Student Life Questionnaire (QSLQ) was used to collect data on 946 students in eight colleges and universities in Japan and the United States. A series of 2 × 2 × 2 analyses of variance on total scores and four factors (Sa tisfaction, Competence/Productivity,
Independence, and Social Belonging) were completed, comparing scores by gender, type of school (four-year vs. two-year) and nationality.For total quality of life scores, main effects were found for country (American scores were higher) and type of school (scores were higher for four-year
colleges). Analysis of factor scores showed main effects for country (higher scores for American students) on all factors except Independence. These results are discussed in the context of differing cultural values and assumptions. Japanese and American views vary considerably, for example,
on such issues as individuality, the role of groups, and perception of self. These differences must be considered in interpretation of cross-cultural findings.

From cultural figures such as Benjamin Franklin and Wendell Berry to philosophers such as Jane Addams and William James, this collection explores the usefulness of theoretical work in American philosophy and pragmatism to resilience practices in ecology, community, rurality, and psychology.