Suchergebnisse

Was ist Persönlichkeit? Und wie kann sie wissenschaftlich erschlossen und diagnostiziert werden? Vor allem in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts entfaltete die kulturell voraussetzungsreiche Idee der Persönlichkeit innerhalb der psychologischen Wissenschaften große produktive Kraft. David Keller stellt eine Vielfalt von Medien und Techniken in den Mittelpunkt seiner systematischen Untersuchung, die mobilisiert wurden, um 'Persönlichkeit' anhand experimenteller Suchprozesse als ein stabiles Konzept der Humanwissenschaften zu legitimieren. Dabei verdeutlicht seine Rekonstruktion einschlägiger Forschungs- und Diagnosepraktiken sowie die Betrachtung popularisierender Diskurse, wie die Suche nach der Persönlichkeit nicht allein eine wissensstiftende Funktion besaß, sondern zuletzt immer neue Fragen aufwarf. Auf diese Weise wurde sie zu einer fortgesetzten Herausforderung für die Wissenschaften vom Menschen.

"Breakthroughs in Technical Analysis explains the new trading methods used by the world's top technicians, encompassing in one volume the investing approaches of ten proven practitioners. More important, some of these techniques have never left their country's borders before and are not known or used in other parts of the world" - Provided by publisher

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- About the Author -- List of Figures -- The History of Ecology -- 1 Introduction: The Idea of Ecology -- References -- 2 Ecological Thinking in the Western Tradition -- 2.1 Protoecology -- 2.1.1 Ontological Pregnancy of Biotic Communities -- 2.1.2 Natural History -- 2.1.3 Arcadianism -- 2.2 Modern Ecology -- 2.2.1 Normative Ecology -- 2.2.2 Scientific Ecology -- 2.3 Conclusion: Five Features of the Idea of Ecology -- 2.3.1 Naturalism -- 2.3.2 Ontological Interconnectedness -- 2.3.3 Holism -- 2.3.4 Nonanthropocentrism -- 2.3.5 Ecological Justice -- References -- The Metaphysics of Ecology -- 3 Entities in Patterned Process -- 3.1 Mechanism -- 3.1.1 The Mechanical View of Nature -- 3.1.2 The Organism as Machine -- 3.2 Organicism -- 3.2.1 Continuities in Nature -- 3.2.2 Discontinuities in Nature -- 3.2.3 Beauty in Nature -- 3.2.4 Teleonomy and Teleomaty -- 3.3 Ecological Entities and Process -- 3.3.1 Ecological Entities -- 3.3.2 Ecological Process -- 3.4 Four Ontologies of the Ecological Entity -- 3.4.1 The Superorganism -- 3.4.2 The Coincidental Assemblage -- 3.4.3 The Ecosystem -- 3.4.4 The Stochastic Community -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- 4 Patterned Process in Biological Evolution -- 4.1 One Long Argument: The Theory of Descent with Modifications Through Natural Selection -- 4.2 The Evolution of Metaphysics -- 4.3 The Adaptation Debate -- 4.4 Ecosystem Ecology, Evolutionary Ecology, and Integrative Ecology -- 4.4.1 Ecosystem Ecology -- 4.4.2 Evolutionary Ecology -- 4.4.3 Integrative Ecology -- 4.5 Conclusion -- References -- 5 Reductionism, Holism, and Hierarchy Theory -- 5.1 Reductionism -- 5.2 Holism -- 5.3 Hierarchy Theory -- 5.3.1 Koestler -- 5.3.2 Nested, Nonnested, and Unified Hierarchies -- 5.3.3 Applied Hierarchy Theory -- 5.4 Conclusion -- References.

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Objective: The aim is to establish the extent to which the high false-alarm rate of air traffic control midair conflict alerts is responsible for a "cry wolf" effect—where true alerts are not responded to and all alerts are delayed in their response. Background: Some aircraft collisions have been partly attributed to the cry wolf effect, and in other domains (health care and systems monitoring), there is a causal connection between false-alarm rate and cry wolf behavior. We hypothesized that a corresponding relationship exists in air traffic control (ATC). Method: Aircraft track and alert system behavior data surrounding 495 conflict alerts were analyzed to identify true and false alerts, trajectory type, and controller behavior. Forty-five percent of the alerts were false, ranging from 0.28 to 0.58. Results: Although centers with more false alerts contributed to more nonresponses, there was no evidence that these were nonresponses to true alerts or that response times were delayed in those centers. Instead, controllers showed desirable anticipatory behavior by issuing trajectory changes prior to the alert. Those trajectory pairs whose conflicts were more difficult to visualize induced more reliance on, and less compliance with, the alerting system. Conclusion: The high false-alarm rate does not appear to induce cry wolf behavior in the context of en route ATC conflict alerts. Application: There is no need to substantially modify conflict alert algorithms, but the conflict alert system may be modified to address difficult-to-visualize conflicts.

Transitions from pediatric to adult care by young adults with chronic conditions are fraught with challenges. Poor transitions lead to discontinuities of care that are avoidable with better communication between providers. We tested whether exposure to providers with sustained patient-sharing relationships resulted in fewer emergent admissions of young adults with congenital heart disease (CHD). Care transitions are particularly important for young adults with CHD. Though it is not possible to avoid planned admissions for scheduled procedures, emergency admissions are avoidable with proper care. We tested whether several different patient-sharing relationship measures influenced emergent admissions and found that compared with less severe CHD patients, those with severe CHD experienced a 4 to 10 percentage point decline in emergent admissions given a 5 percentage point increase in practice-level patient-sharing relationships. These results are consistent with our hypothesis that patient sharing improves communication and continuity of care across providers, especially for severe CHD patients.