Suchergebnisse

We draw on Hollway and Jefferson's (1997) idea that global anxieties may find an outlet for individual expression in the realm of crime: we argue that anxieties may also find expression in the realms of ill-health and home safety. To accomplish this, we examine preventative and protective behaviours that individuals undertake in each of these realms as outlets for the expression of anxiety. We consider how personal characteristics, such as age, as well as past experiences, present coping styles, and anxieties about future events contribute to protective behaviours within each realm, running separate models for men and women. Our findings suggest that different factors drive these precautionary behaviours for men and women, and across the different realms. Present coping styles (for men) and anxieties about future events (both men and women) seem to be most important in the realm of crime. In terms of health promotion, certain aspects of socio-demographic context are important, along with biographical factors such as past experience for men, and coping styles and anxieties for women. Meanwhile, socio-demographic context is most clearly at play in the realm of home safety, again with particular past experiences, present coping styles (men only) and anxieties also figuring in the mix. Our study of these realms sheds further light on Holloway and Jefferson's conclusions regarding anxiety in the 'risk society', as well as enhances our understandings of risk management as gendered.

AbstractBackgroundThere is little research with people who experience intellectual/developmental disabilities and imprisonment.MethodsThe study linked health and correctional data to examine prevalence of intellectual/developmental disabilities and health and correctional characteristics among adults experiencing their first federal incarceration between 1 January 2002 and 31 December 2011 (n = 9278) and two non‐incarcerated groups (n = 10,086,802).ResultsThe prevalence of intellectual/developmental disabilities was 2.1% in the incarcerated group and 0.9% in the non‐incarcerated group. Before incarceration, those with, versus without, intellectual/developmental disabilities were at greater risk of traumatic brain injury, mental illness, and substance use disorders. While incarcerated, those with intellectual/developmental disabilities were more likely to incur serious institutional disciplinary charges. Post‐incarceration, persons with intellectual/developmental disabilities were at greater risk of emergency department visits, and psychiatric and acute hospitalizations, than the non‐incarcerated groups.ConclusionsPeople with intellectual/developmental disabilities are overrepresented in Canadian federal correctional institutions. The authors offer strategies to support people prior to, during, and post‐incarceration.