Suchergebnisse

International audience ; Documenting mass repression and violence from the perspective of asylum is part of a perspective that places documentary production by and for the exiled subject at the center of the analysis and shifts the focus from asylum policies, humanitarian actors and/or international solidarity. Positioning this question in relation to the theme of Latin American repression allows us to inscribe ourselves in the temporality of Third Worldism and the new social movements in favor of human rights in the 1970s and 1980s and their ambivalences. This study focuses on a period in which repressive regimes established a law of silence and terror within the borders of the various Latin American states, combating the production and circulation of information on police practices, disappearances and torture. The exile becomes, on the contrary, a space of documentary production and circulation. This production becomes central in the repertoires of action of the exiles themselves, of European solidarity associations, of internationalist jurist groups, as well as of agents of national asylum administrations. ; Documenter, à partir de l'asile, les répressions et violences de masse s'inscrit dans une perspective qui place la production documentaire par et pour le sujet exilé au centre de l'analyse et déplace une focale souvent orientée vers les politiques de l'asile, les acteurs humanitaires et/ou la solidarité internationale. Positionner cette question par rapport à la thématique des répressions d'Amérique latine permet de s'inscrire dans la temporalité du tiers-mondisme et des nouveaux mouvements sociaux en faveur des droits de l'homme des années 1970-1980 et de leurs ambivalences. Cette étude s'intéresse à une période où les régimes répressifs instaurent, dans les frontières des différents Etats d'Amérique latine, une loi du silence et de la terreur, combattant la production et la circulation d'informations sur les pratiques policières, les disparitions et la torture. L'exil devient à l'inverse un espace de ...

In the multi-secular history of forced migrations, the 19th and 20th centuries represented an era of mutation whose main features this paper attempts to describe. Together with the changes in the conditions of worldwide migratory circulation, major shifts occurred in the definition of political communities and conditions of nationality and citizenship, within a context of European domination of the world, followed by the dislocation of colonial empires. Each of the two world wars in the 20th century contributed, through the massive movements of populations they provoked, to the emergence of the figure of the 'political' rejugee, the stateless person, together with an international legal status for refugees. Our study intends to highlight the existing articulations between the large flows of refugees and exiles and the qualification and classification processes over those two centuries. Adapted from the source document.

Establishing links between careers, doctrinal positions and reference frameworks of lawyers as to the question of the protection of minorities and the internationalization of Human Rights in France enables us not to contrast social practices with legal standards. It shows the manifest part played by authors from the former Russian, Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires in the treatment of this question between 1920-1940, as well as the strong connections existing between these fields. An analysis of doctoral theses and written doctrinal documents enables the observation of both the plasticity of the legal approach to international facts, and the weight of the existing heritage in the distance constructed between facts and norms, as well as the constraints imposed by the partial institutionalization of international relations. Adapted from the source document.

La question des réfugiés, apatrides et exilés politiques de l'entre-deux-guerres dans les perspective d'une réflexion plus générale sur les droits de l'homme et relations internationales, dans la période de durcissements politiques des années trente qui encouragent les persécutions raciales ou politiques, les incitations à l'exil, les dénationalisations de masse, les échanges forcés de populations.