Suchergebnisse

It is undeniable fact that the newly merger District Bajaur in Malakand Division of Pakistan is the victimized of Jehadism, Talibanization and militancy, left indelible imprints on the socio-economic and political lives of the local people. This article aims to focus on the origin; growth of jihadi militancy in the area with special emphasis on the impact of the military operation on Bajaur District of Pakistan. The Paper discusses that how the militants established the F.M radio station for mass mobilization and succeed in the emergence of Tahrik-i-Taliban Bajaur and the rise of militancy in the area. A descriptive method was used in which both primary and secondary sources in the form of Interviews, journals, books, and reports were consulted and reviewed while carrying out this research paper. The article highlights thatMaulvi (Muslim religious scholar) Faqeer Muhammad, the vice chief, and some other prominent leaders of Tahrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) were intended to accomplish the mission of Sufi Muhammad to implement Shariah (Islamic) law through an unlawful and violent armed struggle in Bajaur Agency of Pakistan.In this process, many civilians, government servants, and large numbers of notables were being killed and abducted for ransom. Besides, heavy losses were also reported in the form of severe damages to educational institutions, houses, agriculture, livestock, poultry farms, and small-scale industries. It is concluded from the study that militancy and military operation had a paramount negative impact on the lives of local inhabitants of District Bajaur. Keywords: Taliban, Bajaur, Militancy, Law, Maulvi.

This paper gives a comprehensive analysis of hydropolitics of the region of South Asia. It discusses different types of water issues prevalent in the region. However, its primary focus is on the water disputes between India and Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, India and Nepal, and Pakistan and Afghanistan. This paper argues that water security has assumed great importance in South Asia because of the demand-supply gap of water. Such a regional water deficit is due to a number of factors which include climate change, over-population, intensive use of water in irrigation, and the changing lifestyle. This water crisis has resulted in regional co-riparian water disputes. These water disputes are gaining complexity due to different regional dynamics like power imbalances, upper-lower riparian syndrome, territorial disputes, and trust deficit. Keywords: South Asia, Hydro politics, Water, Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra

This paper aims to identify the factors responsible for reluctance of centre to decentralize power and imitation of the same trend in provinces while dealing with minority ethno-lingual identities. This paper explores questions as: what is the nature of federalism in Pakistan? How federal question is dealt in the three constitutions of the republic? How different ethnic groups responded to various federal arrangements orchestrated by the managers of Pakistani state over the years? The main objectives of this paper are to develop an understanding into the challenges posed to federalism in Pakistan and to develop a more inclusive approach for addressing the federal question. The discussion generated in this paper is based upon qualitative critical analysis of existing published literature in the form of books, research articles, reports and official documents. The narrative upon which federation of Pakistan has been constructed is self-contradictory. This paper not only exposes the contradictions of this narrative but also includes societal perspective on ethnic diversity and federation of Pakistan. It has been concluded that the crisis generated by over-centralization of Pakistani state could only be resolved by ensuring the fundamental federal values like decentralization, provincial autonomy and devolution within provinces to grass root level.

The multidimensional impacts of climate change are increasing the vulnerability of Pakistan day by day. The government of Pakistan has framed polices and laws related to climate change however, the real challenge is the implementation of these polices and initiatives which is directly related to climate change awareness and literacy. This study addresses the central question of what the status of climate change awareness and literacy and what role media and social actors play in this regard. In order to answer this question, a qualitative, descriptive and analytical methodology has been employed. This study found that poor climate literacy and awareness among common masses is one of the key reasons that so far these initiatives are not successful. Since the real chain movers of any response and development are people not policy makers or power elites so nourishing eagerness for climate change literacy and awareness proves effective. This study recommends that as a nation, it is needed to develop climate literacy and awareness to generate public response against the imminent threat of climate change.

This paper aims to identify the factors responsible for reluctance of centre to decentralise power and imitation of the same trend in provinces while dealing with minority ethno-lingual identities. The paper explores questions: what is the nature of federalism in Pakistan? How federal question is dealt in the three constitutions of the republic? How differently ethnic groups responded to various federal arrangements orchestrated by the managers of the state over the years? Objectives of the study are to develop an understanding into the challenges posed to federalism in Pakistan and to develop a more inclusive approach for addressing the federal question. The discussion generated in this study is based upon qualitative analysis of existing published literature in the form of books, research articles, reports, and official documents. The narrative upon which the federation of Pakistan has been constructed is self-contradictory. The paper not only exposes the contradictions of this narrative but also includes societal perspective on the ethnic diversity and federation of Pakistan. It has been concluded that the crisis generated by over-centralisation of the state could only be resolved by ensuring the fundamental federal values like decentralization, provincial autonomy, and devolution within the provinces to the grass root level.

The multidimensional impacts of climate change are increasing the vulnerability of Pakistan day by day. The government of Pakistan has framed polices and laws related to climate change however, the challenge is the implementation of these polices and initiatives which is directly related to climate change awareness and literacy. This study addresses the central question of what the status of climate change awareness and literacy and what role media and social actors play in this regard. To answer this question, a qualitative, descriptive, and analytical methodology has been employed. This study found that poor climate literacy and awareness among common masses is one of the key reasons that so far these initiatives are not successful. Since the real chain movers of any response and development are people not policy makers or power elites so nourishing eagerness for climate change literacy and awareness proves effective. This study recommends that as a nation, it is necessary to develop climate literacy and awareness to generate public response against the imminent threat of climate change.

This study was conducted with an aim to analyze student's perceptions regarding the impact of Frontier Crimes Regulations on the lives of the inhabitants of Federally Administered Tribal Area of Pakistan. Further, the study also aimed at understanding the views of FATA students about the future of Frontier Crimes Regulations. A total of 200 students of Hazara University Mansehra belonging to different Federally Administered Tribal Areas were purposively selected and their responses were taken through structured questionnaires. The collected data was analyzed through descriptive statistics. Findings suggest that Frontier Crime Regulations have a significant and negative impact on the social, legal, cultural and political aspects of the people of Federally Administered Tribal Areas. It is generally concluded that majority of the participants from the area were not satisfied with Frontier Crimes Regulations and thereby demanded that these regulations should be abolished and the regions must be brought under the administration of provincial department. Keywords: Crimes, Tribal; Administration, Regions, Amendments

Hydro politics is an important dimension of India Pakistan relations, overshadowed mainly by strategic issues between both states. Even the discussion on water issues is more focused on technical issues. However, the main question that arises is: Is hydro politics between India and Pakistan a problem of perceptions (intentions) or it forms part of overall strategic rivalry between both states? This paper discusses India-Pakistan water relations from the theoretical perspectives of (neo) realism, (neo) liberalism, constructivism, and human security school of thought. It argues that, like in general India-Pakistan political relations, it is realism/ neo-realism which still reigns supreme in explaining India-Pakistan hydro politics as well. It argues that in the wake of the Cold War, different theories emerged which undermined the traditional approaches and perspectives of realism and liberalism. These new theoretical traditions were also employed in explaining India-Pakistan political as well water relations. However, due to the competitive security of the region of South Asia in general and India-Pakistan's security dilemma in particular, the theoretical perspectives of (neo) liberalism, constructivism, and human security fall short in theorizing India-Pakistan water relations. To answer the question posed earlier, this paper has mostly analyzed the available literature, both theoretical and related to hydro politics, to construct the argument. Therefore, this paper concludes that instead of employing (neo) liberalism, constructivism, and human security, it is realism/ neo-realism which still reigns supreme in explaining India-Pakistan political as well as water relations.

This paper analyses Pakistan's lower riparian anxieties on the Indus and Indian assurances by elaborating the differing perspectives of the two states on different projects pursued by India on the western rivers; the rivers allotted to Pakistan by the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960. It argues that the water supply has reduced drastically in the last fifty years, which has resulted in a water crisis in India and Pakistan. India has started constructing different hydroelectric projects on western rivers in Jammu and Kashmir, which the treaty allows under certain conditionality. Pakistan objects to these projects as against the treaty. Pakistan considers the Indian projects a threat to its national integrity and the agriculture-based economy, as they could be used as a weapon to the detriment of downstream Pakistan. India assures Pakistan of no such intentions and defends the projects as in conformity with the Indus Water Treaty. This trust deficit between the two arch-rivals has made water disputes between them intractable.