Suchergebnisse

Examines processes of self-transformation that may occur in individuals as a result of their participation in social movements, drawing on theory & research on the self-concept. The relationship between identity & self-concept is described, & types of identities involved in social movements are discussed. Dynamics of social movements that can contribute to changes in individual self-concepts are identified, using a social structure & personality model to diagram the intersection of psychological & social structural factors. The psychological process of internalization, which occurs via (1) biased scanning or (2) the reduction of cognitive dissonance, is described, along with structural/cultural characteristics of the social movement & dimensions of social interaction -- organized through narrative, texts, & rituals -- that shape self-change through identity work. 1 Figure, 64 References. K. Hyatt Stewart

This study investigates the attribution of blame for national economic problems to both governmental and nongovernmental actors. Using a model that incorporates perceptions of competing class interests, the study demonstrates the crucial role of both cognitive and affective components of economic group consciousness in blame attribution. It also reinforces the importance of both personal and collective economic grievances in determining target of blame.

Abstract This paper assesses the effects of the community sex ratio on black family formation and family structure in nonmetropolitan parishes in Louisiana. As predicted, the sex ratio is found to have strong positive effects on marriage prevalence for black women, the prevalence of husband and wife families for black families, and the percentage of black children residing in husband and wife families and strong negative effects on the nonmarital fertility ratio for black women. Thus, we conclude that the sex ratio hypothesis should be given greater prominence in discussions of changes in black family structure and that sex ratio effects should be taken into account when framing policies aimed at ameliorating social problems attendant to high relative incidence of nonmarital births and single‐parent, female‐headed families with young children (e.g., poverty). We also note that, while the literature overwhelmingly concentrates on black family structure in urban areas, changes in the black family are equally pronounced in nonmetropolitan areas suggesting that explanations emphasizing the dynamics of urban ghettos may be too narrow.

Using data from the 1976/77 General Social Surveys & the 1972 National Election Study (N = 2,332 & 1,513 white respondents, respectively), the relationship between white racial attitudes & the relative size of the black population is studied. Factors examined include: region; size of community; & preadult social context. Results support the hypothesis that a larger black population decreases white support for racial integration & increases whites' discrimination against blacks. 3 Tables, 41 References. S. G. Yates

Trends in the political partisanship of US evangelicals, 1976-1988, are investigated drawing on data from 4 Gallup pre-election surveys (total N = 5,773 respondents [Rs]). Analysis indicates that nonsouthern evangelicals have become steadily more Republican over time, while southern evangelicals have not. Church attendance is associated with Republican preference only among nonsouthern Rs. Results highlight the importance of examining how religion interacts with regional subculture to influence party preference & political attitudes. 3 Tables, 49 References. Adapted from the source document.

Life situation & subculture are examined to determine how they influence beliefs about the manageability of the future in the context of earthquake threat. Based on interview data, Mexican Americans, blacks, & Anglos (N = 188, 291, & 960, respectively) in Los Angeles County, Calif, are compared on 3 dimensions of response to risk & uncertainty over earthquakes: fatalism, orientation toward science, & time perspective. While blacks are more fatalistic about earthquake preparedness & survival than Anglos, Mexican Americans are significantly less so. 4 Tables, 29 References. Modified HA.

This article focuses on the first stage of the mobility decision-making process-the consideration of moving. A social-ecological model has been developed to analyze the relationship between a stated decision to move and the objective hazardousness of one's present location due to the threat of a damaging earthquake. A unique feature of this model is the inclusion of subjective earthquake-related factors in order to determine the extent to which these mediating variables improve the explanation of mobility plans.