Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this study was to examine British national newspaper coverage of male and female athletes competing at the Olympic Games since 1948. A content analysis was utilized to compare all articles and photographs of male and female track and field athletes in two British national newspapers. This study highlighted that within both newspapers, The Times and the Daily Mail, coverage dedicated to track and field events has increased dramatically since 1948. Although differences were found, generally the results showed that, compared with men, female athletes were underrepresented until the 2004 Athens Games. Although this study highlights that participating female track and field athletes have received greater newspaper equality in recent years, the profession of sports journalism is still dominated by men. Reasons for the findings are discussed.

Economic theories of democratic legitimacy (discussed here as minimalist theories) have criticized deliberative accounts of democratic legitimacy on the grounds that they do not represent a practical possibility and that they create conditions that make actual democracies worse. It is not simply that they represent the wrong ideal. Rather, they are too idealistic -- failing to show proper regard for the cognitive and moral limitations of persons and the depth of disagreement in democratic society. This article aims to show (1) that the minimalist criterion of democratic legitimacy is self-defeating and (2) that even if there are minimal cognitive, moral, and social requirements for the possibility of practicable deliberative democracy, these limitations do not necessarily impose insuperable barriers for democratic deliberation as the normative basis of democratic legitimacy. Thus, the limiting facts do not dictate the structure of appropriate normative models of democracy in the way minimalists have supposed. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright holder.]

Economic theories of democratic legitimacy (discussed here as minimalist theories) have criticized deliberative accounts of democratic legitimacy on the grounds that they do not represent a practical possibility and that they create conditions that make actual democracies worse. It is not simply that they represent the wrong ideal. Rather, they are too idealistic – failing to show proper regard for the cognitive and moral limitations of persons and the depth of disagreement in democratic society. This article aims to show (1) that the minimalist criterion of democratic legitimacy is self-defeating and (2) that even if there are minimal cognitive, moral, and social requirements for the possibility of practicable deliberative democracy, these limitations do not necessarily impose insuperable barriers for democratic deliberation as the normative basis of democratic legitimacy. Thus, the limiting facts do not dictate the structure of appropriate normative models of democracy in the way minimalists have supposed.

WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT POLICY ENCOMPASSES A BROAD ARRAY OF FEDERAL AND STATE PROGRAMS DESIGNED TO FOSTER IMPROVED WORKFORCE UTILIZATION, MAINTENANCE, AND DEVELOPMENT. FEDERALISM IN US WORKFORCE POLICY IS EXAMINED IN TERMS OF THE WORKFORCE INVESTMENT ACT ENACTED IN 1998 AUTHORIZING TWO OF THE MORE IMPORTANT COMPONENTS OF NATIONAL WORKFORCE POLICY: JOB TRAINING AND WORK-RELATED EDUCATION. COERCIVE FEDERALISM IN WORKFORCE POLICY BEGAN IN THE LATE 1970S AND IS EXPECTED TO PERSIST INTO THE FUTURE, EVEN AS STATES SERVE AS "LABORATORIES OF DEMOCRACY." THE COMPREHENSIVENESS OF NATIONAL WORKFORCE POLICY, INCLUDING BROAD CONCERNS OVER EFFICIENCY, HAS YET TO ADDRESSED FULLY.

Concern for performance management has increased sharply in recent decades in both the public and private sectors.This has been particularly true in the management of state and federally funded human resource development programs. Legislative purpose, level of use, the role of performance standards, appropriate measures of performance, target groups, and general implementation policies are key issues that cut across the major publicly funded job training and placement programs. This report examines these program design and implementation issues in relation to Job Training Partnership Act programs, state-administered job placement and labor exchange programs, postsecondary vocational education,welfare-to-work programs for recipients of Aid to Families with Dependent Children, and the new state-run food stamp employment and training programs. Various contextual issues are discussed, including grant-in-aid programs, enhanced state discretion, market bias,ambiguous goals, appropriate actors/levels of use, appropriate groups, target groups, the role of standards, and adjustment processes. General recommendations to federal and state level policymakers and program-specific recommendations for addressing performance management issues are included ; National Commission for Employment Policy ; Ray Marshall Center for the Study of Human Resources

At the direction of the Texas Legislature, researchers at The University of Texas at Austin are conducting an evaluation of efforts by Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) programs of the Texas Department of Commerce (Commerce) to coordinate with the Texas Department of Human Services (DHS) and other agencies in delivering employment and training services to Aid For Dependent Children (AFDC) caretakers during the period from 1985 to 1989. This evaluation will provide recommendations for enhanced program design and improved coordination between OHS, Commerce and other agencies implementing the Job Opportunities and Basic Skills (JOBS) program in Texas. Research findings will be presented in a series of three interim reports with a final project report scheduled for completion in August 1991. This is the first of the interim reports and presents preliminary findings on coordination initiatives at the state level and also those observed at the local level during site visits. ; Ray Marshall Center for the Study of Human Resources