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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify different perspectives on philanthropic corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities by using the mixed-method approach and Q methodology. In addition, this study examines why people consider the revealed perspectives to be important factors.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors used a structured sampling of 30 CSR-related statements (a Q sample) and had participants rank-order the statements from "most important" (+4) to "most unimportant" (−4).FindingsThe results, from the factor analysis and correlation using the Q method software program PQMETHOD, revealed two distinctive perspectives. The first group emphasized the importance of supporting environmental-related activities. The second group ranked supporting arts-related activities as the most important factor of philanthropic CSR activities.Research limitations/implicationsThe goal of Q methodology is not the generalizability of the results but to identify the different views that exist regarding a topic, even minority ones. The findings are discussed in terms of practical implications for how this framework can be used to understand the subjective papers of different types of stakeholders.Originality/valueThis study identifies the different perspectives that exist regarding philanthropic CSR activities by using Q methodology, which is a good alternative to other research methods that provides a unique way of uncovering subjectivity from the participants' point of view.

This is the author's final draft. Copyright 2012 Taylor & Francis. ; This study examines thematic and structural features of short films submitted to a worldwide video competition to define democracy. A total of 120 videos submitted from around the world are analyzed to identify prominent themes of democracy such as equal participation and diversity as well as audio and visual structural elements. Authors investigate whether and how thematic and structural aspects of videos differ depending upon geographical region and the degree of democratization. Implications of the findings are discussed in the context of procedural and substantive democracy.

Contents: Guy J. Golan/Sung-Un Yang: Introduction: The Integrated Public Diplomacy Perspective Foundations – Michael D. Schneider: U.S. Public Diplomacy Since 9–11: The Challenges of Integration – Olga Zatepilina-Monacell: Public Diplomacy in NGOs – Sarabdeep K. Kochhar/Juan-Carlos Molleda: The Evolving Links Between International Public Relations and Corporate Diplomacy – Nancy Snow: Public Diplomacy and Public Relations: Will the Twain Ever Meet? – Eyun-Jung Ki: Application of Relationship Management to Public Diplomacy – Jangyul Robert Kim: Application of Issues and Crisis Management to Public Diplomacy – Kelly Vibber/Jeong-Nam Kim: Diplomacy in a Globalized World: Focusing Internally to Build Relationships Externally – Kristi S. Gilmore/Richard D. Waters: Stewardship and the Political Process: Improving the Political Party-Constituent Relationship Through Public Relations – Hua Jiang: Ethical Visions for Public Diplomacy as International Public Relations – Nation Brands and Country Reputation – Simon Anholt: Public Diplomacy and Competitive Identity: Where's the Link? – Kineta Hung: Repairing the «Made-in-China» Image in the U.S. and U.K.: Effects of Government-supported Advertising – Colleen Connolly-Ahern/Lian Ma: Taking It to the Streets: The Evolving Use of VNRs as a Public Diplomacy Tool in the Digital Age – Shawn Powers/Tal Samuel-Azran: Conceptualizing International Broadcasting as Information Intervention – Bruce W. Dayton/Dennis F. Kinsey: Contextual Meaning – Vanessa Bravo: The Importance of Diaspora Communities as Key Publics for National Governments Around the World – Aimei Yang: Soft Power, NGOs and Virtual Communication Networks: New Strategies and Directions for Public Diplomacy – Juyan Zhang/Shahira Fahm: Live Tweeting at Work: The Use of Social Media in Public Diplomacy – Jisk a Englebert/Jacob Groshek: Relations of Populism: An International Perspective of Public Diplomacy Trends – Margaret G. Hermann: Presidents, Approval Ratings, and Standing: Assessing Leaders' Reputations – James Pamment: A Contextualized Interpretation of PD Evaluation – Brenda Wrigley: Tenets of Diversity: Building a Strategy for Social Justice in Public Diplomacy – Mohan J. Dutta: Public Diplomacy, Public Relations, and the Middle East: A Culture-Centered Approach to Power in Global Contexts – Conclusion: Guy J. Golan: An Integrated Approach to Public Diplomacy.