Suchergebnisse

In this paper we present an approach to national problems in Estonia today and report an empirical assessment of some of the major causes that have brought us to the complicated problematic situation today. We make use of materials from sociological public opinion research done in 1986 and 1988.

As is generally known, the contemporary demographic situation in Estonia is fundamentally different from that of the prewar period. The autochthonous minorities who lived in the prewar Estonian Republic—Germans, Jews, Swedes, Finns, but also native Russians (living in the northern and southern areas of the Peipsi lake)—were lost after World War II together with a change of Estonia's eastern border by Soviet authorities in 1945. This left Estonia a very homogeneous country where Estonians formed some 97% of the population and where the entire population was made up of Estonian-speakers.

Analyzes ethnic relations between Estonians and Russians, and shifts in ethnic and national identity following the break-up of the Soviet Union. Territory, language, citizenship, and minority protection issues.

The impact of ethnic relations on the democratization process in Estonia is examined. Population changes during Estonia's Soviet period resulted in a rapid increase in non-Estonian population & increasing ethnic diversity. Native Estonians often viewed these new arrivals as colonizers or immigrant workers, while the new arrivals viewed themselves as merely migrants from another region of the nation. Over the past five decades, the definition of ethnic minority in Estonia has become blurred & carries the potential to impede the country's democratization process. Russians are the biggest ethnic minority group in Estonia today, but only 40% of these view themselves as an Estonia ethnic minority & many, particularly in those regions where Russians are a local majority, have strong feelings of Russian nationalism. The social integration of Russians & the possibility of achieving a democratic balance between Estonians & non-Estonians are discussed. 9 Tables, 1 Appendix. D. Generoli

National processes in Estonia from 1940 to the present are the result of policies that diminish the viability of a nation. Ethnic consolidation has been violated by immigration to Estonia so massive that it could make Estonians a minority in their native land; also, the repressive effects of total bilingualism have threatened the Estonian language. Public opinion polls on interethnic relations in Estonia conducted in 1986 & 1988 show increasingly pessimistic attitudes among Estonians, but also less optimistic attitudes of Russians & other nationalities. It is suggested that national processes be analyzed on the level of national policies, & interethnic relations as individual attitudes. 1 Table, 2 References. A. Devic

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: Delimitation of the Problem -- 2.1 Understanding the Internet -- 2.2 Social Networks: Basic Facts -- 2.3 The ``Facebook Generation´´ -- 2.4 Data Gathered and Processed Through Social Networks -- 2.4.1 Data Actively Provided to Facebook by Its Users -- 2.4.2 Metadata -- 2.4.3 Big Data -- 2.5 Privacy Concerns Arising from Social Networks and the Concept of Privacy -- References -- Chapter 3: Conflicting Claims, Claimants, Identifications and Bases of Power -- 3.1 The Claim to Freedom of Communication and Access to Information -- 3.2 The Claim to Economic Benefit -- 3.3 The Claim to Privacy and Data Autonomy -- 3.4 The Claim to Unlimited Freedom of the Internet -- 3.5 The Claim to Protect National and International Security -- References -- Chapter 4: Past Trends in Decision and Conditioning Factors -- 4.1 The General Legal Protection of Privacy -- 4.1.1 Domestic Law -- 4.1.1.1 The United States of America -- 4.1.1.2 Countries Within Europe -- The Federal Republic of Germany -- The United Kingdom -- 4.1.1.3 Latin American Countries -- 4.1.2 International Law -- 4.1.2.1 Treaty Law -- 4.1.2.2 Customary International Law -- 4.2 The Protection of Privacy in the Context of Electronic Communications -- 4.2.1 Domestic Law -- 4.2.1.1 The United States -- 4.2.1.2 Countries Within Europe -- The Federal Republic of Germany -- The United Kingdom -- Other European Countries -- 4.2.1.3 Latin American Countries -- The Argentine Republic -- The Federative Republic of Brazil -- The Republic of Colombia -- The Dominican Republic -- The United Mexican States -- The Oriental Republic of Uruguay -- 4.2.2 General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) -- References -- Chapter 5: Predictions -- References.

Hauptbeschreibung: Wieso entwickelte sich das Saarland in den 80er und 90er Jahren von einer Hochburg der CDU zum sozialdemokratischen Stammland? Warum konnte ausgerechnet der linke Sozialdemokrat Oskar Lafontaine 1985 im katholischsten aller Bundesländer die Macht übernehmen? Wie lassen sich die Sensationserfolge der Linkspartei seit 2005 erklären? Und welche Faktoren trugen dazu bei, dass es im Jahr 2009 zur bundesweit ersten Jamaika-Koalition aus CDU, FDP und Grünen kam? Auf Fragen wie diese gibt Daniel Kirch Antworten. Er analysiert, wie sich die wichtigsten Strukturmerkmale des regionalen P