Suchergebnisse

This book is focussing on the results of the mobil.LAB Doctoral Research Group "Sustainable mobility in the metropolitan region of Munich" for its first phase. It highlights the key findings of young scientists from diverse disciplines on selected issues of sustainable mobility, such as neighbourhood mobility, sustainable modes, regional governance and spatial aspects. This includes insights of methods used to assess sustainable mobility, the way how to study and how to conceptualize sustainable development in each of the contributions. Each chapter is built on case studies in cooperation with practice partners and based on empirical data in the metropolitan region of Munich. Moreover, a common understanding of sustainable mobility in metropolitan regions and future research perspectives on mobility cultures are developed. In consequence, the knowledge and experiences are shared in order to generate strategies and actions to address, promote and support sustainable mobility in metropolitan regions.

"Coverage of the population within the sampling frame is a very important quality characteristic
of a study. However, a metrical evaluation of the coverage bias to approach the question of representativeness is usually not possible. Switzerland stands out in that the federal statistical office (SFSO) has legal access to population registers (person universe) and a full list of landline telephone numbers (phone number
universe). However, these data are not available for research institutes, which must rely on commercially available number collections or RDD sampling frames. This paper wants to quantify the coverage bias of such alternative sampling frames by metric calculation of their congruence with the SFSO universes. The analysis shows that 85.0% of private phone numbers and 88.9% of the resident population of Switzerland that can be reached via landline by the SFSO definition (non-ALTELs) are included in our exemplarily analyzed commercially available phone number collection. The highest coverage bias is present in the 20-39 age group. The RDD frame covers 97.8% of private phone numbers and 99.8% of non-ALTEL persons. Hence, both available alternative sampling frames are useful for representative studies. Finally, the potential of use of the Swiss coverage results as benchmarks for other countries is discussed." (author's abstract)

Singapore has a unique and proactive approach towards managing the national transport system. This article explores the integrative approach of carsharing into the overall transport system from an individual sustainable mobility perspective. The authors argue that for Singapore, taxi services are the strongest competitor for the establishment of free-floating carsharing systems. Low taxi fares and a high distribution rate provide easy access for consumers and show great advantages in correspondence with the prevalent transport measures. Furthermore, the Singaporean government considers taxi services as part of public transport that helps bridging public transportation gaps in door-to-door travel. The article draws on literature review and expert interviews to evaluate the current market conditions and analyse the pros and cons of carsharing systems and taxi services as integrated part of the public transport system. The authors conclude by stating that from a sustainable perspective, the goal is to replace private car ownership. Provision of multi modal choices and therefore co-existence of different individual transport opportunities is indispensable.

"In this paper, we look at the challenge of optimizing survey layout in online research to enable multi-device use. Several studies provide useful advice on target-oriented implementation of web design for CAWI surveys. This paper presents results of the implementation of a new adapted design at the panel of DemoSCOPE that allows the participants to take part in a survey on multiple (especially mobile) devices. To evaluate this adapted design, we compare interview data and question timing of panellists who participated in an insurance study before and after the design transition. Central key figures concerning the completion rate, item non-response, open questions, straightlining, timing of single questions and the length of the total interview are presented. In addition, we have presented examples of both old and new design to the community and invited them to assess these examples concerning orientation, color, design and usability. We evaluate the differences in these assessments before and after the design transition for smartphone and desktop users. We end with suggestions for best practice for online studies on different devices." (author's abstract)

VIVER (Leben) - Vision für nachhaltigen Verkehr in Deutschland ist ein Eigenforschungsprojekt des Fraunhofer ISI, initiiert durch das Geschäftsfeld Verkehrssysteme. Ziel des Projektes war es eine anschauliche Vision für nachhaltigen Verkehr in Deutschland für das Jahr 2050 zu entwerfen. Dabei wurde bewusst ausschließlich die interdisziplinäre Expertise des Fraunhofer ISI genutzt. Im Ergebnis wird deutlich, dass nachhaltiger Verkehr in Deutschland sich nur durch die passfähige Kombination von technologischem Wandel und Verhaltensänderung erreichen lässt. In einem nachhaltigen Verkehrssystem werden der Personen- und Güterverkehr nicht bis 2050 weiter wachsen, sondern sich in den nächsten Dekaden stabilisieren - der Personenverkehr früher als der Güterverkehr - und der Personenverkehr wird in den letzten Dekaden sogar deutlich zurückgehen. Dieser Trendbruch von stetig wachsender Verkehrsnachfrage hin zu Stagnation und Rückgang lässt sich vor allem auf Verhaltensänderungen und strukturelle Veränderungen in Produktions- und Globalisierungsprozessen (d.h. letztendlich auf Verhaltensänderungen der Unternehmen) zurückführen. Diese Veränderungen lassen sich zum einen durch einen Wertewandel in der Gesellschaft (z.B. hin zu einer hohen Bedeutung von Klimaschutz und Lebensqualität) und zum anderen durch veränderte Rahmenbedingungen (z.B. durch eine verstärkte Knappheit fossiler Energieträger) sowie politische Strategien (z.B. an Umweltaspekten ausgerichtete Verkehrssteuern, Nutzergebühren und Stadtplanung) begründen.