Suchergebnisse

Since 2005, the government funding of basic and applied research in Russia has been growing at different rates. However, no impressive results have been reached so far in high-tech production. It's share in total export volume hasn't signiicantly grow. The economy of Russia heavily depends on high-tech imports. Decreasing of the state budget in terms of economic instability and low oil prices leads to new risks and the need to ind new ways of R&D expenditures management in order to increase their effectiveness. The aim is to analyze government spending on applied research in the total research spending, in the context of government programs and codes of budget classiication and to make recommendations for improving the quality of state funding applied research. The methodology is based on analysis of budget expenditures in the context of government programs. The study has focus on the dynamics of changes in public spending on applied research in comparison with the dynamics of change in the total expenditure on science. It has revealed the changes in the amounts of applied research funding under government programs in 2014–2015. Expenditures on applied research are presented with a breakdown as per budget classiication codes. The government expenditures on applied research in the context of government programs of industrial production are analyzed. Recommendations are given how to improve the quality of budgetary spending on applied science.

Currently, there is a complex system of science governing in Russia, which incorporates programs and goals defining mechanisms and documents, as well as government tools of support for science for selected challenges and risks. However, Russian science has an issue of low mobility and scarce essential resources. For example, the amount of funding of science and research in Russia does not allow for the technological breakthrough if compared to figures of the countries, leading in scientific and technological development. With the state budget providing two thirds of the gross expenditure on R&D, it remains the main source of funding for science and research. The Government of Russia has still not reached the goals of making research, development, and engineering in Russia attractive to investors, and creating the financial basis of technological breakthrough with the significant ratio of non-budgetary funds. To analyze the existing problems in the field of science and technology in Russia, The Russian Research Institute of Economics, Politics and Law in Science and Technology (RIEPL) hosted a scientific and practical conference "Scientific and Technological development of the Russian Federation: Resources, Results, Prospects." The discussion pertained to topics of science popularization and improvement of the status of science; development of the shared scientific infrastructure; cooperation between universities, scientific organizations, businesses, and government; science diplomacy; regional development of science in Russia; the usage of international scientometrics databases, and statuary and regulatory basis of scientific work. Following the conference, the list of proposals for the development of state policy in the field of science and technology has been prepared. This list can be used by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation to determine transformation directions for the governance system of scientific and technological development. ; For citation: Klypin AV, Vyunov ...

Introduction. The article is devoted to the problem of developing a "qualified customer" model in Russia as an instrument of the government science and technology policy aimed at improving the efficiency of budgetary and extrabudgetary R&D expenditures, as well as at increasing the level of intellectual property commercialization. Methods. The article is based on the analysis of Russian and foreign experience in the development of R&D, various approaches and views of Russian authors on this problem, as well as the content of certain regulatory legal acts. Results and Discussion. Following the results of the research, the authors highlight the key properties and characteristics of the "qualified customer" model in Russia, among which are: 1) the curatorial (coordination) function of the government in terms of defining strategically important national science and technology goals in projects implemented using public funds; 2) the role of business (organizations of the real economy) as a guarantor of financing and subsequent commercialization of R&D with the simultaneous role of the goverment as a guarantor of benefits and preferences for the business sector; 3) the distribution of funding sources for R&D (from the government or business) depending on the nature of research and development (fundamental research is mainly publicly funded, while applied R&D is mainly supported by private funds); 4) long-term and uninterrupted R&D order fulfillment within specific projects in achieving the stated performance indicators; 5) participation of experts from different fields of activity in order to apply the acquired knowledge and developments in practice, including when creating new high-tech products and services. Conclusion. The results of the study can be used by executive authorities and relevant specialists in the process of developing regulatory documents governing the use of the "qualified customer" model in Russia. ; Klypin AV, Agamirova EV, Zharova EN. "Qualified Customer" Model in R&D ...

Introduction. The list of implementation indicators of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation was formed taking into account its key provisions, and monitoring their dynamics provides an opportunity to demonstrate how the objectives of scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, progress in implementing the priorities of scientific and technological development, meeting the objectives of state policy in science and technology and overall results of the Strategy's implementation have been achieved. Achievement of the targets and the implementation indicators of the Strategy will contribute, among other things, to the achievement of national goals and strategic objectives for the development of the Russian Federation, listed in the Decree No. 474 of the President of the Russian Federation dated 21 July 2020 on ensuring the presence of the Russian Federation among the world's ten leading countries in research and development, particularly by creating an effective system of higher education. Monitoring Tools. Monitoring tools are formal logic methods such as classification, analysis, synthesis, deduction and induction. The monitoring was conducted on the basis of data from the statistical reporting forms of the Federal State Statistics Service 2-science, 4-innovation, 2-MP innovation, 1-technology as well as information from open sources. Results. Monitoring of the Strategy implementation indicators for 2017–2019, assessment of the dynamics and achievement of indicator scores at the end of the study period, identification of indicators with positive and negative trends and the factors affecting the achievement of target scores were carried out. A list of government measures for each assessment indicator is provided to achieve the targets for the planning period. Conclusion. The monitoring revealed the ambiguity in the interpretation of some indicators for assessing the implementation of the Strategy for Scientific and Technological Advancement of ...