Overcoming the fear: fairness in the joint marking of a case study
In: Social work education, Volume 17, Issue 4, p. 469-476
ISSN: 1470-1227
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In: Social work education, Volume 17, Issue 4, p. 469-476
ISSN: 1470-1227
In: http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22187
Bibliography: pages 129-132. ; Considerable imminent in change on the this country. political and economic front is There is constant demand on businesses to improve productivity in the face of rising inflation, a trend that is unlikely to reverse given expected high wage demands. The liquor market is consider-ably influenced by government legislation and the state of the economy, hence companies operating within the liquor market are challenged with improving productivity in a changing environment. In order to facilitate productivity improvement, sales and production requirements need to be ascertained. The objective of this thesis is to design personal computer- based sales forecasting planning system that will aid a brewery productivity and minimise costs, through an integrated and production to maximise an ability to accurately forecast beer sales and translate such forecasts into efficient production plans. Fundamental to ensuring that the optimum production scenario is achieved is the need to generate a number of production scenarios for comparative purposes. To this end, the sales forecasting and production planning systems must be fully integrated, thereby allowing for the efficient generation of "what if" type analyses.
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In: Knight, T. and Boyd, David (2009) Researching property development in "interesting times". In: 25th Annual Conference of the Association of Researchers in Construction Management, ARCOM 2009, 7 September 2009 through 9 September 2009, Nottingham, UK.
As part of a wider study this paper will examine the impact of the economic downturn on a research project on property developers and discuss ways in which its focus and the methodology employed have necessarily changed. Research projects seek, at least, to develop overarching understandings of situations, if not an abstract generalised theory. This requires a degree of stability which allows similarities to be identified and comparisons to be made. The impact of the economic crisis has invalidated this assumption. However, in reality, property development operates against a background of changing economic, political and social conditions and it has long been acknowledged that the development cycle is signified by an alternating cycle of booms and slumps. These continuous changing circumstances were not factored into the first stage of this research which comprised a series of semi-structured interviews with independent trader developers. It was established that the lengthy nature of development allows a degree of flexibility to occur during implementation, thus, development projects are subject to varying levels of modification during the process. Alterations to the original development proposal are often made in reaction to changing market conditions to maximise returns. However, during the process of the research the UK property market collapsed. Second stage interviews show that speculative developments have all but stopped and funding for pre-lets and pre-sales has become significantly more difficult to come by. Interviewees now recall past experiences of recessions. This step change could be regarded as invalidating the research. The methodological and theoretical implications of this will be discussed, concluding that research has been enriched by this collapse revealing more correctly the nature of the field under view.
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In: The British journal of social work, Volume 28, Issue 1, p. 29-43
ISSN: 1468-263X
In: Progress in nuclear energy: the international review journal covering all aspects of nuclear energy, Volume 76, p. 106-111
ISSN: 0149-1970
In: Progress in nuclear energy: the international review journal covering all aspects of nuclear energy, Volume 68, p. 16-19
ISSN: 0149-1970
Farm-level crop insurance guarantees are based on a small sample of historical yields. Two measures enacted by Congress, yield substitution and yield floors, are intended to mitigate the erratic nature of small samples in determining yield guarantees. We examine the impact of small samples and related policy provisions on the producer welfare benefits of individual-level yield insurance. Our findings indicate that sampling variability in Actual Production History (APH) yields has the potential to reduce producer welfare and that the magnitude of this effect differs substantially across crops. The yield substitution and yield floor provisions mitigate the negative impact of sampling error but also bias guarantees upward, increasing government cost of the insurance programs.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine hospital services globally. This study estimated the total number of adult elective operations that would be cancelled worldwide during the 12 weeks of peak disruption due to COVID-19. Methods: A global expert response study was conducted to elicit projections for the proportion of elective surgery that would be cancelled or postponed during the 12 weeks of peak disruption. A Bayesian β-regression model was used to estimate 12-week cancellation rates for 190 countries. Elective surgical case-mix data, stratified by specialty and indication (surgery for cancer versus benign disease), were determined. This case mix was applied to country-level surgical volumes. The 12-week cancellation rates were then applied to these figures to calculate the total number of cancelled operations. Results: The best estimate was that 28 404 603 operations would be cancelled or postponed during the peak 12 weeks of disruption due to COVID-19 (2 367 050 operations per week). Most would be operations for benign disease (90·2 per cent, 25 638 922 of 28 404 603). The overall 12-week cancellation rate would be 72·3 per cent. Globally, 81·7 per cent of operations for benign conditions (25 638 922 of 31 378 062), 37·7 per cent of cancer operations (2 324 070 of 6 162 311) and 25·4 per cent of elective caesarean sections (441 611 of 1 735 483) would be cancelled or postponed. If countries increased their normal surgical volume by 20 per cent after the pandemic, it would take a median of 45 weeks to clear the backlog of operations resulting from COVID-19 disruption. Conclusion: A very large number of operations will be cancelled or postponed owing to disruption caused by COVID-19. Governments should mitigate against this major burden on patients by developing recovery plans and implementing strategies to restore surgical activity safely.
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