Suchergebnisse

Les liens entre la lutte contre le VIH/sida et les mobilisations homosexuelles dans le monde ont abondamment été démontrés. Cependant, peu d'études empiriques abordent ces mobilisations avec comme perspective une extension de la citoyenneté. L'objectif de cet article est de mettre en relief les mutations contemporaines de la société camerounaise à partir de l'inclusion sociale et politique d'acteurs criminalisés du fait de leur orientation et pratiques sexuelles. C'est la bio citoyenneté, ou citoyenneté thérapeutique, qui sert de cadre analytique car elle permet de mettre à jour des chaînes de relations entre différents faits, processus et circonstances qui concilient la condition biologique avec la reconnaissance des vies et de leur valeur comme êtres à considérer et à protéger. La citoyenneté biologique est la condition sociale, de même que le cadre politique qui symbolise la reconnaissance des droits des personnes homosexuelles. Cette reconnaissance est toutefois limitée au cadre qui l'a fait naître et lui permet d'exister (l'épidémie de VIH), l'enfermant (du moins pour l'instant) dans une trajectoire circonscrite et instable.

International audience ; The links between the fight against HIV/AIDS, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) mobilizations around the world have been extensively demonstrated. However, there are few empirical studies on the effects of new strategies based on access to treatments for homosexuals in Africa, especially in countries where same-sex relationships are punishable by law. In discussing the relationship between HIV/AIDS policies and the formal recognition and inclusion of homosexuals, we ask if it is possible to speak of a therapeutic citizenship. From a sociological and legal perspective, what is important is how the recent global strategies and human rights discourses on HIV/AIDs are impacting the emergence of engaged social actors whose claims go well beyond access to treatments but challenge the Cameroonian legal and health systems. However, LGBT rights advocates' claim for full citizenship through participatory inclusion in public life may not turn out to be successful as it encloses their rights within a pathologized identity, the HIV epidemic. This paper also raises a crucial issue (citizenship) associated with the politics of homosexuality in Africa and offers an empirical dimension on how global health and human rights discourses affect the relationship between State and society in Cameroon. ; Les liens entre la lutte contre le VIH/SIDA et les mobilisations LGBT dans le monde entier ont été largement démontrés. Cependant, il existe quelques études empiriques relatives aux effets de nouvelles stratégies fondées sur l'accès aux traitements pour les homosexuels en Afrique, en particulier dans des pays où les relations entre partenaires de même sexe sont sanctionnées par la loi. Discuter de la relation entre les politiques en matière d'VIH/SIDA et la reconnaissance et l'inclusion formelle des homosexuels, est l'occasion de nous demander s'il est possible de parler d'une citoyenneté thérapeutique. D'un point de vue sociologique et juridique, ce qui importante est la façon dont les stratégies mondiales récentes et les discours sur les Droits de l'homme sur les VIH/SIDA ont un impact sur l'émergence d'acteurs sociaux engagés dont les revendications dépassent largement l'accès aux traitements et questionnent les systèmes juridiques et de santé du Cameroun. Cependant, la prétention des défenseurs des droits des LGBT revendiquant une citoyenneté complète à travers une inclusion participative dans la vie publique pourrait ne pas réussir puisque cela enferme leurs droits dans une identité pathologisée, l'épidémie de VIH. Cet article soulève aussi une question essentielle (citoyenneté) associée aux politiques relatives à l'homosexualité en Afrique et présente une dimension empirique sur la façon dont les discours mondiaux sur la santé et les droits de l'homme affectent la relation entre l'Etat et la société au Cameroun.

International audience ; The links between the fight against HIV/AIDS, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) mobilizations around the world have been extensively demonstrated. However, there are few empirical studies on the effects of new strategies based on access to treatments for homosexuals in Africa, especially in countries where same-sex relationships are punishable by law. In discussing the relationship between HIV/AIDS policies and the formal recognition and inclusion of homosexuals, we ask if it is possible to speak of a therapeutic citizenship. From a sociological and legal perspective, what is important is how the recent global strategies and human rights discourses on HIV/AIDs are impacting the emergence of engaged social actors whose claims go well beyond access to treatments but challenge the Cameroonian legal and health systems. However, LGBT rights advocates' claim for full citizenship through participatory inclusion in public life may not turn out to be successful as it encloses their rights within a pathologized identity, the HIV epidemic. This paper also raises a crucial issue (citizenship) associated with the politics of homosexuality in Africa and offers an empirical dimension on how global health and human rights discourses affect the relationship between State and society in Cameroon. ; Les liens entre la lutte contre le VIH/SIDA et les mobilisations LGBT dans le monde entier ont été largement démontrés. Cependant, il existe quelques études empiriques relatives aux effets de nouvelles stratégies fondées sur l'accès aux traitements pour les homosexuels en Afrique, en particulier dans des pays où les relations entre partenaires de même sexe sont sanctionnées par la loi. Discuter de la relation entre les politiques en matière d'VIH/SIDA et la reconnaissance et l'inclusion formelle des homosexuels, est l'occasion de nous demander s'il est possible de parler d'une citoyenneté thérapeutique. D'un point de vue sociologique et juridique, ce qui importante est la façon dont les ...

International audience ; The links between the fight against HIV/AIDS, and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) mobilizations around the world have been extensively demonstrated. However, there are few empirical studies on the effects of new strategies based on access to treatments for homosexuals in Africa, especially in countries where same-sex relationships are punishable by law. In discussing the relationship between HIV/AIDS policies and the formal recognition and inclusion of homosexuals, we ask if it is possible to speak of a therapeutic citizenship. From a sociological and legal perspective, what is important is how the recent global strategies and human rights discourses on HIV/AIDs are impacting the emergence of engaged social actors whose claims go well beyond access to treatments but challenge the Cameroonian legal and health systems. However, LGBT rights advocates' claim for full citizenship through participatory inclusion in public life may not turn out to be successful as it encloses their rights within a pathologized identity, the HIV epidemic. This paper also raises a crucial issue (citizenship) associated with the politics of homosexuality in Africa and offers an empirical dimension on how global health and human rights discourses affect the relationship between State and society in Cameroon. ; Les liens entre la lutte contre le VIH/SIDA et les mobilisations LGBT dans le monde entier ont été largement démontrés. Cependant, il existe quelques études empiriques relatives aux effets de nouvelles stratégies fondées sur l'accès aux traitements pour les homosexuels en Afrique, en particulier dans des pays où les relations entre partenaires de même sexe sont sanctionnées par la loi. Discuter de la relation entre les politiques en matière d'VIH/SIDA et la reconnaissance et l'inclusion formelle des homosexuels, est l'occasion de nous demander s'il est possible de parler d'une citoyenneté thérapeutique. D'un point de vue sociologique et juridique, ce qui importante est la façon dont les ...

International audience ; Since the early 2000s, the government of Cameroon has implemented three major initiatives directed at orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) due to HIV/AIDS. These are children whose survival, well-being and development are being compromized by HIV and AIDS. The initiatives are namely; the bi multi-OVC program (2004–2008), the National Support Program for OVC (NSP-OVC 2006–2010), and the Children, HIV and AIDS program (2008–2012). Behind each of these initiatives stands a foreign and institutional operator (UNICEF, the French Cooperation, and the Global Fund). The implementation of these programs has been complex and quite far from the intended goals. Based on an in-depth analysis of Cameroonian policies for care and support to OVC, this chapter will show that despite the inclusion of this issue as a strategic priority in fighting against AIDS, Cameroonian authorities are non-significant managers. They much more accompany policies, instead of directing or driving. Public policies for OVC are therefore the result of international propositions rather than the consequences of formal and structured requests. They reflect the weakness and the deficiency of social movements against AIDS in Cameroon. They also expose the contradictions of global policies to fight against HIV/AIDS, which tend to neglect and conceal the social, economic, sanitary and family dynamics that affect children daily.

International audience ; Since the early 2000s, the government of Cameroon has implemented three major initiatives directed at orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) due to HIV/AIDS. These are children whose survival, well-being and development are being compromized by HIV and AIDS. The initiatives are namely; the bi multi-OVC program (2004–2008), the National Support Program for OVC (NSP-OVC 2006–2010), and the Children, HIV and AIDS program (2008–2012). Behind each of these initiatives stands a foreign and institutional operator (UNICEF, the French Cooperation, and the Global Fund). The implementation of these programs has been complex and quite far from the intended goals. Based on an in-depth analysis of Cameroonian policies for care and support to OVC, this chapter will show that despite the inclusion of this issue as a strategic priority in fighting against AIDS, Cameroonian authorities are non-significant managers. They much more accompany policies, instead of directing or driving. Public policies for OVC are therefore the result of international propositions rather than the consequences of formal and structured requests. They reflect the weakness and the deficiency of social movements against AIDS in Cameroon. They also expose the contradictions of global policies to fight against HIV/AIDS, which tend to neglect and conceal the social, economic, sanitary and family dynamics that affect children daily.

International audience ; Since the early 2000s, the government of Cameroon has implemented three major initiatives directed at orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) due to HIV/AIDS. These are children whose survival, well-being and development are being compromized by HIV and AIDS. The initiatives are namely; the bi multi-OVC program (2004–2008), the National Support Program for OVC (NSP-OVC 2006–2010), and the Children, HIV and AIDS program (2008–2012). Behind each of these initiatives stands a foreign and institutional operator (UNICEF, the French Cooperation, and the Global Fund). The implementation of these programs has been complex and quite far from the intended goals. Based on an in-depth analysis of Cameroonian policies for care and support to OVC, this chapter will show that despite the inclusion of this issue as a strategic priority in fighting against AIDS, Cameroonian authorities are non-significant managers. They much more accompany policies, instead of directing or driving. Public policies for OVC are therefore the result of international propositions rather than the consequences of formal and structured requests. They reflect the weakness and the deficiency of social movements against AIDS in Cameroon. They also expose the contradictions of global policies to fight against HIV/AIDS, which tend to neglect and conceal the social, economic, sanitary and family dynamics that affect children daily.

Between growing ambitions for international aid and limited resources to achieve them, donors and international organisations' repeated normative and performative demands have never been so strong. The dilemmas posed by the often diligent implementation of these requirements by the different international aid actors are nevertheless acute. Adapting to standards calls for the harmonisation, technicalisation and automation of professional processes and practices. At the same time, each actor seeks to display a especially or ability to innovate in a very competitive environment. Despite incessant criticism and the distortions to which it is subject, the international aid system model studied here through a political sociology lens appears to be far from running out of steam.