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The article analyses connection between effectiveness of bureaucracy as a component of power and legitimacy of power. The data collected from the sociological monitoring of the Institute of Sociology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine "Ukrainian society1992-2013" and Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) were used in this investigation. WGI for Ukraine have been compared with WGI for Poland. We have pointed out that number of bureaucrats has been increased during last eight years and they have become more influent. By the way, it was happen when Party of Region had come to the ruling position under conditions of decline of confidence in political and state institutions and deepening of crisis of legitimacy. These sequences are appropriate because society evaluates legitimacy of political regime not according its attributes but according quality of governance and Worldwide Governance Indicators for Ukraine demonstrated regressive tendency in comparison with WGI for Poland. Results of both countries which have been reflected in world rates emphasize that Ukrainian bureaucracy has become the factor of delegitimation of power. In Ukrainian situation level of trust in government and its policy and support from ordinary people and businessmen fell dawn but in Poland level of trust in political and state institutions grew even at the crises time as result of considered and responsible economic policy and clearness prediction actions. Ukrainian government bureaucracy viewed the way of change as reducing the number of public servants but not set of functions that were redistributed and remained the same with old laws and rules. Therefore bureaucrats considering themselves as ruling class restricted opportunities for people and business activity. During the past twenty years as result of this situation data from the sociological monitoring of the Institute of Sociology showed that society demonstrated the lowest indicator of trust in government, prosecutors, courts and local government in 2013. Obviously that only legitimate power with bureaucracy as its important component might achieve growing of trust and support from people. In contemporary conditions legitimacy of power could be analyse not as a defined state but as a process of current creation and achievement through openness and quality of state governance and public services with affective institutions that supported by citizens. ; У статті досліджується взаємозв'язок між ефективністю бюрократії та легітимністю влади, компонентом якої вона є. Задля цього використовуються дані соціологічного моніторингу Інституту соціології НАН України «Українське суспільство 1992-2013 рр.» та індикатори ефективності вітчизняних державних владних інституцій (WGI: Worldwide Governance Indicators), показники яких співставлені з аналогами в Польщі.