Suchergebnisse

How does the association between gender attitudes and housework share vary across countries and time? We examine the second demographic transition as it unmasks in the association between gender attitudes and housework participation. Using data of the 2002 and 2012 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) for 24 countries, we find that the association between gender attitudes and housework share became stronger over time in most countries, signifying that the Second Demographic Transition was in place. The results also show that the association varied across the 24 countries, reaching an equilibrium in many but at different stages. Our findings suggest that equilibria in the domestic division of labour take various forms and paces in the ISSP countries.

We analyze couples' time-use diaries from the 2012–2013 Life in Kyrgyzstan data. Using the pooled Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method, we test the relative resources, time availability, absolute resources, and gender-centered frameworks in their ability to explain gender differences in housework participation among Kyrgyzstani women and men. The results show that among the three resource-based approaches, the time availability models are the most potent in accounting for the gender gap in housework, followed by the relative resources framework. Both frameworks emphasize household bargaining processes and power differentials between spouses. The findings suggest that among Kyrgyzstani couples, partners' time availability and, with it, bargaining power play an important role in the division of housework tasks. In contrast, absolute resources can account only for a small portion of the gender differences in housework participation.

Housework is a significant part of our daily lives. In this visualization, the authors consider how time spent on housework varies across gender and age throughout the day. Using the nationally representative 2015 Canadian General Social Survey with detailed time diary information, the authors present how women's and men's time allocation patterns on housework vary across age groups. The visualization shows that women and older Canadians engaged more in housework. A clear pattern reveals higher engagement during mealtimes, while participation becomes more evenly distributed throughout the day among older adults compared with younger women and men.

This study investigates factors that could explain why the association between the egalitarian gender-role attitudes and the attitudes toward the importance of marriage (marital centrality) differs across societies. Using data from the International Social Survey Programme for 24 countries in 2002 and 2012 and multilevel modeling, we explore whether the Gender Revolution and the Second Demographic Transition frameworks could explain the country-level differences in the association between gender-role attitudes and marital centrality. We find that the negative association between the egalitarian gender-role attitudes and marital centrality is stronger in countries with a higher gender equality level and a higher fertility level. This work highlights the importance of considering the progress of the gender revolution and the second demographic transition to understand the relationship between gender equality and family formation.

This study investigates factors that could explain why the association between the egalitarian gender-role attitudes and the attitudes toward the importance of marriage (marital centrality) differs across societies. Using data from the International Social Survey Programme for 24 countries in 2002 and 2012 and multilevel modeling, we explore whether the Gender Revolution and the Second Demographic Transition frameworks could explain the country-level differences in the association between gender-role attitudes and marital centrality. We find that the negative association between the egalitarian gender-role attitudes and marital centrality is stronger in countries with a higher gender equality level and a higher fertility level. This work highlights the importance of considering the progress of the gender revolution and the second demographic transition to understand the relationship between gender equality and family formation.

Background: Previous research suggested that husbands' participation in housework is positively associated with fertility choices for both women and men. We tested this association by using data of four East Asian countries. Objective: This paper examines whether the positive association between gender-equal sharing of housework participation and fertility intention in China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan has strengthened between 2006 and 2012. Methods: We harmonize two datasets, the 2006 East Asian Social Survey and the 2012 International Social Survey Programme. We employ OLS and ordered logit models estimators to test the association between husband's housework participation and the ideal number of children. Results: In both 2006 and 2012, husband's participation in housework is associated with both own and partner's fertility intentions in 2006 and 2012. The association between the domestic division of labour and fertility has not changed between 2006 and 2012. Conclusions: Corroborating the findings of our earlier paper the results suggest that a more gender-equal domestic division of labour in East Asia is associated with higher fertility intentions in this region. The gender revolution framework offers a plausible explanation for the East Asian fertility trends between 2006 and 2012. The findings suggest that there is a stall in the pace of the gender revolution. Contribution: This paper provides a summary of the trends highlighted by the contributors to this special issue. This is also the first paper to look at the evolution of domestic division of labour and fertility preferences in four East Asian countries over time.