Suchergebnisse

The possibility of using archival documents, including those from the archives in the Republic of Turkey, allows various studies and analyzes to be carried out, which shed light on Bulgarian history, and can be used in the field of cultural studies, sociology, and linguistics. The ledgers undoubtedly represent historical sources extremely rich in business and economic data. Under Ottoman Sharia law, non-Muslims living within the country were identified as dhimmis and a tax called djizie was collected from them. The Ottoman registers contain data on djizie tax payers and thanks to them it is possible to obtain information about the non-Muslim population and the economic status of the settlement. The present study is based on the data obtained from the nufus, temettuat and djizie registers of Eski Djuma (Targovishte), which are kept in the Ottoman Archives in Istanbul.

The subject of the exposition is the function of the particle "И" within the sentence and the text. It was considered a semantically-syntactic amplifier that is invariable in lexical-grammatical terms, whose function is realized in the syntaxeme or texteme. The structural-semantic models in which the particle "И" participates as a syntactic formant with mandatory and optional or textual intensifier use are presented.

The transmission of thought patterns and the experimentation of typical events from each society are transmitted from generation to generation, thus creating a number of common archetypes for all people. Archetypes are models by which a series of experiences and memories related to ancestors are expressed. The archetype 'father' is one of the building blocks of the family. He's a model for his child, especially his son. The father protects his children as a guardian angel. He is a first-time teacher and supporter of his child, at the same time teaching him to prosper in life and overcome difficulties. He brings his children up according to his views and norms. He teaches his child discipline, becomes strict when necessary and caring when he needs to. The father is like the Lord in our lives, he is the one who gives us life, he is our creator. For this reason, the name of the father is very important for Oguz people. In this article we will analyze the behavior and actions of good fathers and their relations with their sons in the destantes of the epic The Book of Dede Korkut, namely First Destan – "A Song for the Son of Dirke Khan, Bogach Khan" and Third Destan – "A Song for the Son of Cam Puree, Bamsy Beyrek". In these days, fathers usually expect courage from their sons. The male child means an extension of the genus and is the future father and the continued of the genus. In the destans of Dede Korcut, the main father is himself, Korkut Ata. Dede Korcut is the father of the fathers, that is, the father of all Oguz people. For this he has the right to name all proven juveniles. Since ancient times, good has been the highest moral human value. Even the name of Dede Korcut, contains in itself the positive concept of good - happiness. He has always wanted the good of the Oguz people, as a father wants the good of his child.

Research on modern virtual communication focuses on human communicative behaviour in social networks. For the purposes of successful biometric expertise, linguistic personology is chosen as the most reliable approach. As a complex autonomous interdisciplinary synergistic paradigm, and as a research compendium that uses a wide variety of approaches and methods of modern linguistics, linguistic personology is designed to study the variety of human speech behaviour manifested in the speech of a person. It is also used to identify "bright diagnostic spots" that characterize the verbal messages of any individual linguistic personality in social networks with the purpose of its precise identification. Personality identification, enhanced by linguistic personology methods, is presented as efficient methodology, since it creates conditions for reliability and trust in the process of information exchange, and is based on truthfulness and legitimacy. The compendium of sciences for analyzing speech behaviour and for describing the speech repertoire of the virtual personality is based, on the one hand, on the study of formal discursive characteristics based on style (style-based features), while, on the other, it relies on the study of informal content characteristics (content-based features).

The article proposes a model for visual activities in the seventh grade, which is based on H. Rorschach's test. Part of the tasks are designed to be implemented in a digital environment through photography and digital retouching of bitmap images.

The article provides a brief overview of the most important aspects of the development of the Hunnic theory of the origin of the Bulgars in modern Bulgarian medieval studies, and examines the situation on the Balkan Peninsula immediately after Attila's death.The popular theories about the leading role of climatic factors in causing nomadic migrations, about the key importance of the Huns for the destruction of the Western Roman Empire, and about the large-scale influence of the Bulgars in the Hunnic Steppe Empire in the 5thcentury, have been disputed.

The February Revolution completely changed Russia. The changes lead to the collapse of the foundations of statehood and chaos. The North Caucasus was also affected by these processes. The Bolsheviks in the region tried to establish complete control of power and to impose new ideological norms. One of the forms of reaction of the local Cossacks was the Terek Anti-Bolshevik uprising. It became an integral part of the Civil War that shook Russia in the period between 1917and 1923.

Shumen is one of the cities that after 1878 became the center of Bulgarian book publishing. By 1944, there had been 32 printing presses, which became a prerequisite for the opening of bookstores in the city. The article focuses on the activity of bookstores in Shumen in the period from the end of the 19th century to 1920s, paying attention to the book publishing in the period under review.

The rule of Yuri Andropov and Konstantin Chernenko almost always remains on the periphery of the Soviet Union's history.The two are some of the less known rulers of the communist state. Their names remain hidden behind those of Lenin, Stalin, Khrushchev, Brezhnev and Gorbachev. But this does not mean that their time was devoid of changes. As a result of it, the transition from Brezhnev's stagnation to Gorbachev's perestroika took place... Or at least it was not stopped

The building of the new monumental Battenberg boarding house in the period from 1881 to 1885 in Razgrad, originally meant to be a classical district school with a boarding house for 200 students, became possible thanks to the people of Razgrad, and the personal initiative of the leading Razgrad educationalists and political elite. The building is a typical example of the post-liberation architecture in Bulgaria, with its combination of Gothic and Renaissance features. The paper discusses the social policy of the local government in the field of education through the opening of the Battemberg Boarding School for poor students in 1882.

The decades of the second half of the 8th century are one of the darkest periods in our medieval history, both because of the proverbial lack of information and because of the ambiguity and contradictions in the little sources which are available. Despite the multiple attempts of researchers to overcome these ambiguities, it seems that this period of the history of the Bulgarian state, full of historical figures and events, will remain a great mystery for historians. The aim of the present work is, by systematizing most of these attempts in Bulgarian and foreign historiography from the beginning till present days, to reveal the leading hypotheses about the genesis and essence of the political crisis in early medieval Bulgaria, as well as to highlight the main problems that preoccupy researchers of this period.

The Turkish language, in its centuries-old development, has built its own rich word-forming system, including various methods and means. The attention of many linguists is focused on the lexical-morphological way of terminological nomination as one of the most productive. Affixation, more specifically suffixation, is one of the most characteristic ways of word formation in the Turkish language. The article discusses the lexical-morphological way of word formation in the Turkish culinary language. Despite the controversial nature of composition as a word-formation method in Turkish linguistics, it is also included within the framework of the present study.

The teachers in Razgrad area had a special place in the Renaissance society. The agreements of the teachers residing in Razgrad from the 1860s and 1870s were actually their employment contracts. Through them, the material and household problems and the professional duties of the teachers were settled. The documents show the desire of the residents of Razgrad to create the best possible conditions for teachers to work with adolescents. Many teachers, outside of their official duties, were engaged in active social activities. In addition, there were informal agreements with teachers regarding their professional rights and obligations. The social status of the teachers is indicative of their authority in the Bulgarian Renaissance society.

Social networks such as Facebook, Instagram, X, Tik-Tok, etc., as well as alternative channels for communication, marketing and dissemination of information such as Whatsapp, Telegram, Viber, etc. create comfortable conditions for holding various events, campaigns, rapid promotion of political messages, promotion of new political formations and individual subjects. At the same time, the online environment is extremely convenient for filtering information, propaganda, spreading misinformation and fake news. The quality and credibility of information, among the mass reader and consumer, is displaced by sensationalism and the feeling of news "saturation".

This article explores the Vintimiglia dynasty and the noble lineage of its descendants in particular. In the process of describing and analysing the genealogical branches, specific details of the family history are revealed, both of the entire family and of its individual members. Special attention is paid to the important descendants who raised the family prestige to the highest circles of the European Medieval aristocracy.